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node-forge

Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.

The vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-66031 affects the digitalbazaar forge library, commonly known as node-forge, which is a JavaScript implementation of Transport Layer Security (TLS) and cryptographic functions. The flaw is categorized under CWE-674 (Uncontrolled Recursion) and exists in versions 1.3.1 and earlier. The root cause is the lack of bounds checking on the recursion depth when parsing ASN.1 structures encoded in DER format. Attackers can craft malicious ASN.1 inputs with excessive nesting levels, causing the parser to recurse indefinitely until the call stack is exhausted. This results in a Denial-of-Service (DoS) condition by crashing or hanging the application that uses the vulnerable library. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without any authentication or user interaction, simply by sending specially crafted DER data to the affected system. This makes it highly accessible to attackers. The issue was addressed in version 1.3.2 of node-forge by implementing recursion depth limits or other parsing safeguards to prevent stack exhaustion. No known exploits have been reported in the wild yet, but the high CVSS score of 8.7 indicates a serious risk. The vulnerability impacts any application or service that relies on node-forge for TLS or cryptographic operations, including web servers, client-side applications, and other JavaScript-based systems that parse ASN.1 data.

Detailed information about CVE-2025-66031: CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion in digitalbazaar forge affecting digitalbazaar forge. Get real-time updates, technica

CVE-2025-66031: CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion in digitalbazaar forge - Live Threat Intelligence - Threat Radar | OffSeq.com

CVE-2025-66031: CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion in digitalbazaar forge

An interpretation-conflict (CWE-436) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and earlier enables unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures to desynchronize schema validations, yielding a semantic divergence that may bypass downstream cryptographic verifications and security decisions.

CVE-2025-12816 identifies a critical vulnerability in the node-forge library, a widely used JavaScript toolkit for implementing cryptographic functions, including ASN.1 parsing. The vulnerability stems from an interpretation conflict (CWE-436), where crafted ASN.1 structures cause a desynchronization between schema validations. This semantic divergence means that the library's internal validation logic and the actual data structure interpretation differ, allowing attackers to bypass cryptographic verification steps that rely on these validations. Specifically, an attacker can send maliciously crafted ASN.1 data that appears valid under one interpretation but is processed differently downstream, undermining the integrity of cryptographic operations such as certificate validation or signature verification. The flaw affects all node-forge versions up to 1.3.1 and requires no authentication or user interaction, making remote exploitation feasible. The CVSS 3.1 score of 8.6 reflects a high-impact vulnerability with network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction, and a scope change due to the semantic divergence. Although no public exploits are reported yet, the vulnerability poses a serious risk to applications relying on node-forge for secure communications, identity verification, or cryptographic assurances. The lack of available patches at the time of disclosure necessitates immediate risk mitigation strategies.

Detailed information about CVE-2025-12816: CWE-436 Interpretation Conflict in Digital Bazaar node-forge affecting Digital Bazaar node-forge. Get real-time updat

CVE-2025-12816: CWE-436 Interpretation Conflict in Digital Bazaar node-forge - Live Threat Intelligence - Threat Radar | OffSeq.com

CVE-2025-12816: CWE-436 Interpretation Conflict in Digital Bazaar node-forge


CVE-2025-66031: CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion in digitalbazaar forgeCVE-2025-66031 0 Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2. HighVulnerabilityGermanyFranceUnited Kingdom+4#cve #cve-2025-66031 #cwe-674 Join the discussion	CVE Database V5	11/26/2025, 22:23:26 UTC Added: 11/26/2025, 22:40:03 UTC
CVE-2025-12816: CWE-436 Interpretation Conflict in Digital Bazaar node-forgeCVE-2025-12816 0 An interpretation-conflict (CWE-436) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and earlier enables unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures to desynchronize schema validations, yielding a semantic divergence that may bypass downstream cryptographic verifications and security decisions. HighVulnerabilityGermanyFranceUnited Kingdom+4#cve #cve-2025-12816 #cwe-436 Join the discussion	CVE Database V5	11/25/2025, 19:15:50 UTC Added: 11/25/2025, 19:22:12 UTC

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