Threats Tagged 'dead-drop-resolver'

A sophisticated Python-based RAT targeting Korean users through spear phishing emails disguised as Microsoft security alerts. The attack chain employs LNK files embedded in ZIP archives, BAT-based obfuscation, and multi-stage loaders culminating in NarwhalRAT deployment. This advanced malware features keylogging, screen capture, microphone recording, and USB data collection capabilities. It utilizes a dual C2 infrastructure combining Korean relay servers (daehoat.com, novel21.co.kr) with pCloud API as a dead-drop resolver. The malware creates encrypted configuration files, implements anti-VM techniques, and establishes persistence through scheduled tasks. It operates as a manually-controlled RAT with selective function activation via C2 commands, employing in-memory execution to evade file-based detection.

This analysis examines Gamaredon's (UAC-0010, Armagedon) advanced espionage operations targeting Ukrainian government, military, and critical infrastructure. The FSB-operated group deploys GammaSteel, a sophisticated stealer operating almost entirely from memory using Windows DPAPI encryption and storing 71 distinct payload functions in the HKCU\Printers registry key. The malware employs three concurrent data acquisition mechanisms: timed drive scans, USB monitoring for air-gapped systems, and real-time file surveillance. Exfiltration occurs via legitimate S3-compatible cloud storage (Tebi.io) with fallback to operator-controlled servers. The infection chain extensively uses VBScript for evasion, Dead Drop Resolvers on platforms like Telegram and Mastodon for C2 configuration, and includes bidirectional backdoor capabilities enabling arbitrary remote code execution. Infrastructure demonstrates high automation with servers rotated approximately every 24 hours.

MediumMalwareUkraine#vbscript#gammaworm#cyberespionage