Wasmtime before 36.0.20, 37.0.0 before 48.0.8, 49.0.0 before 49.0.5, and 50.0.0 before 50.0.1 allocates untracked host memory when a component receives a borrow of a resource it defines itself, bypassing the per-store handle limit. A malicious guest component can repeatedly transfer such borrowed resources to consume arbitrary host memory, causing denial of service.