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DanaBot, a versatile and persistent threat since 2018, has evolved from a banking trojan to a multi-purpose malware platform. It maintained an average of 150 active C2 servers daily, with 1,000 daily victims across 40+ countries. The malware's stealth and multi-tiered architecture contributed to its success. Operated likely from Russia, DanaBot's infrastructure includes Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 C2 servers. The botnet's size peaked during high-profile events, with Mexico and the US among the most impacted countries. Despite its longevity, only 25% of its C2 servers had detectable malicious signatures. Operation Endgame II, a collaborative effort between security firms and law enforcement, dealt a significant blow to DanaBot's operations.

DanaBot is a sophisticated and persistent malware platform that has been active since 2018. Initially emerging as a banking trojan, DanaBot has evolved into a multi-purpose malware-as-a-service platform capable of a wide range of malicious activities, including information theft and command-and-control (C2) operations. The malware operates through a multi-tiered C2 infrastructure, consisting of Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 servers, which enhances its resilience and stealth capabilities. At its peak, DanaBot maintained approximately 150 active C2 servers daily and infected around 1,000 victims per day across more than 40 countries. Despite its widespread activity, only about 25% of its C2 servers exhibited detectable malicious signatures, indicating advanced evasion techniques.

DanaBot’s infection vectors and tactics align with multiple MITRE ATT&CK techniques, including lateral movement (T1021.005), valid accounts exploitation (T1078, T1078.004), user execution (T1204.001, T1204.002), phishing (T1566.001, T1566.002), command and control over standard protocols (T1071), and exploitation of public-facing applications (T1190). Its modular architecture allows it to adapt to different operational goals, from stealing banking credentials to broader data exfiltration and persistence. The botnet’s size and activity have fluctuated, often increasing during high-profile events, with Mexico and the United States being the most impacted countries historically. The infrastructure is believed to be operated from Russia.

Operation Endgame II, a coordinated effort by security firms and law enforcement, has significantly disrupted DanaBot’s operations, but the malware remains a medium-severity threat due to its stealth, adaptability, and global reach. The lack of known public exploits and the absence of patches suggest that mitigation relies heavily on detection and response rather than vulnerability remediation.

Detailed information about Inside DanaBot's Infrastructure: In Support of Operation Endgame II. Get real-time updates, technical details, and mitigation strateg

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