CVE-2023-32421 is a privacy vulnerability identified in Apple macOS, specifically addressed in the macOS Sonoma 14 update. The root cause of the issue lies in the improper handling of temporary files, which can lead to an app being able to observe unprotected user data. Temporary files often contain sensitive information during processing, and inadequate protection or cleanup can expose this data to unauthorized applications. While the exact affected versions are unspecified, it is clear that all macOS versions prior to Sonoma 14 are vulnerable. The vulnerability does not require remote exploitation; rather, it depends on an app running locally on the system. This means that malicious or compromised applications installed by a user could leverage this flaw to access sensitive data that should otherwise be protected. No CVSS score has been assigned yet, and no known exploits have been reported in the wild, indicating that exploitation may require specific conditions or is not widespread at this time. However, the potential impact on user privacy is significant, as unauthorized data observation could lead to leakage of confidential or personal information. Apple has addressed the issue by improving the handling of temporary files, likely by enhancing file permissions, access controls, or cleanup procedures to prevent unauthorized access. Organizations and users running macOS should apply the Sonoma 14 update as soon as possible to remediate this vulnerability. Additionally, limiting app permissions and employing endpoint security solutions can reduce the risk of exploitation. Monitoring installed applications for suspicious behavior is also advisable to detect potential misuse of this vulnerability.

The primary impact of CVE-2023-32421 is the potential unauthorized exposure of sensitive user data on macOS systems due to improper temporary file handling. For European organizations, this could lead to breaches of confidentiality, especially in sectors handling personal data, intellectual property, or sensitive communications. Data leakage could result in regulatory non-compliance under GDPR, reputational damage, and potential financial losses. Since the vulnerability can be exploited by apps running locally, insider threats or malicious software introduced via phishing or supply chain attacks could leverage this flaw. The impact on system integrity and availability appears limited, as the vulnerability focuses on data observation rather than modification or denial of service. However, the confidentiality breach alone is significant, particularly for organizations with high privacy requirements such as financial institutions, healthcare providers, and government agencies. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits once the vulnerability details are public. Prompt patching and security hygiene are essential to mitigate potential impacts.

1. Upgrade all macOS systems to macOS Sonoma 14 or later, where the vulnerability is fixed. 2. Restrict app installation to trusted sources only, such as the Apple App Store, and enforce strict application whitelisting policies. 3. Implement least privilege principles by limiting app permissions, especially file system access, to reduce the risk of unauthorized data observation. 4. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of monitoring unusual file access patterns or suspicious app behavior related to temporary files. 5. Educate users about the risks of installing untrusted applications and the importance of applying system updates promptly. 6. Regularly audit temporary file storage locations and permissions to ensure no unauthorized access is possible. 7. Consider deploying data loss prevention (DLP) solutions that can detect and block unauthorized data exfiltration attempts. 8. Monitor security advisories from Apple and related cybersecurity sources for any emerging exploit reports or additional patches.