CVE-2023-48107 is a buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the zlib-ng minizip-ng library version 4.0.2. The flaw resides in the mz_path_has_slash function within the mz_os.c source file, which is responsible for path handling in the minizip-ng component of zlib-ng. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting a specially designed compressed file that, when processed by an application using this vulnerable library, triggers a buffer overflow condition. This overflow can overwrite memory and allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the affected application. Since minizip-ng is widely used for handling ZIP compression and decompression in various software products, this vulnerability has broad implications. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication but does require the victim to open or process the malicious file, which may occur via email attachments, downloads, or other file transfer methods. No public exploits or patches have been reported at the time of publication, and no CVSS score has been assigned. However, the nature of the vulnerability suggests a critical risk due to the potential for remote code execution and system compromise. Organizations using software that incorporates zlib-ng minizip-ng should prioritize identifying affected components and prepare for patch deployment once available.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2023-48107 could be significant. Exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing attackers to gain unauthorized access, escalate privileges, or deploy malware such as ransomware. This could result in data breaches, loss of data integrity, service disruptions, and reputational damage. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and industrial control systems that rely on software using zlib-ng minizip-ng for file compression and decompression are at heightened risk. The vulnerability could also be leveraged as an initial attack vector in multi-stage attacks targeting European enterprises. Additionally, the lack of a patch at the time of disclosure increases the window of exposure. The potential for widespread impact is amplified by the common use of ZIP compression in software distribution and data exchange, making supply chain and third-party software risks relevant. Organizations may face regulatory and compliance consequences if the vulnerability leads to data breaches under GDPR and other European data protection laws.

Immediate mitigation steps include inventorying software and systems that use zlib-ng minizip-ng version 4.0.2 or earlier. Organizations should monitor vendor advisories for patches or updates addressing this vulnerability and apply them promptly once available. In the interim, implement strict file validation and sandboxing for any ZIP or compressed file processing to limit exposure to malicious files. Employ network and endpoint detection tools to identify anomalous behavior related to file decompression and execution. Restrict user permissions to minimize the impact of potential code execution. Educate users about the risks of opening untrusted compressed files, especially from unknown sources. Consider deploying application whitelisting and behavior-based detection to prevent exploitation. For critical systems, isolate or limit the use of vulnerable components until patched. Engage with software vendors to confirm the presence of the vulnerability and request timely remediation. Regularly update antivirus and endpoint protection solutions to detect potential exploit attempts.