CVE-2023-48395 is a medium-severity SQL Injection vulnerability affecting Kaifa Technology's WebITR version 2_1_0_19, an online attendance system. The vulnerability arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands (CWE-89), specifically due to insufficient validation of user input within a particular function of the application. An attacker with regular user privileges can exploit this flaw remotely without requiring user interaction to inject arbitrary SQL commands. This injection allows the attacker to read sensitive data from the backend database, compromising confidentiality. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 6.5, reflecting a network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), requiring privileges (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), unchanged scope (S:U), high impact on confidentiality (C:H), and no impact on integrity or availability (I:N/A:N). No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been publicly linked yet. The vulnerability was published on December 15, 2023, and assigned by TW-CERT. The core technical issue is that the WebITR system fails to properly sanitize or parameterize user inputs before incorporating them into SQL queries, enabling SQL Injection attacks that can disclose sensitive attendance or user data stored in the database. Given that WebITR is an attendance management system, the exposed data could include personal employee information, attendance logs, and potentially authentication-related data, which could be leveraged for further attacks or privacy violations.

For European organizations using Kaifa Technology's WebITR system, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of employee and organizational data. Unauthorized disclosure of attendance records and personal information could lead to privacy breaches violating GDPR regulations, resulting in legal penalties and reputational damage. Although the vulnerability does not allow modification or deletion of data, the ability to read sensitive information remotely by a low-privileged user increases insider threat risks and could facilitate lateral movement or social engineering attacks. The lack of required user interaction and the network-based attack vector mean exploitation can be automated and conducted remotely, increasing the threat surface. Organizations relying on WebITR for workforce management may face operational disruptions if attackers leverage the disclosed data for targeted attacks or blackmail. Additionally, the exposure of internal system data could aid attackers in crafting more sophisticated attacks against the organization's IT infrastructure.

European organizations should immediately audit their use of Kaifa Technology WebITR version 2_1_0_19 and restrict access to the application to trusted internal networks or VPNs to reduce exposure. Implement strict input validation and parameterized queries in the application code to prevent SQL Injection, if source code access is available. In the absence of an official patch, consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block SQL Injection payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoints. Conduct thorough logging and monitoring of database queries and application logs to detect anomalous access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Limit user privileges within WebITR to the minimum necessary and enforce strong authentication controls. Regularly back up attendance data securely to enable recovery in case of compromise. Engage with Kaifa Technology for timely patch releases and apply updates promptly once available. Finally, perform penetration testing focused on SQL Injection vectors to verify the effectiveness of mitigations.