CVE-2023-49910 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability categorized under CWE-121, found in the Radio Scheduling functionality of the Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) firmware version 5.1.0 Build 20220926. The vulnerability arises from improper bounds checking on the 'ssid' parameter within the httpd binary, which handles the device's web interface. An attacker with authenticated access to the device's management interface can send a series of specially crafted HTTP requests that overflow the stack buffer, enabling arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the httpd process. This can lead to full device compromise, allowing attackers to manipulate network traffic, intercept data, or pivot into internal networks. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.2 (high), reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, required privileges, no user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no public exploits are currently reported, the vulnerability's nature and impact make it a critical concern for affected users. The vulnerability specifically affects the EAP225 V3 model, with a similar overflow noted in an older EAP115 firmware version, indicating a possible pattern in Tp-Link's httpd implementation. The lack of available patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate mitigation steps to reduce exposure.

For European organizations, exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to complete compromise of the affected access points, resulting in unauthorized network access, interception of sensitive communications, and potential lateral movement within corporate networks. Given that these access points are often deployed in enterprise, SMB, and public Wi-Fi environments, attackers could disrupt network availability or exfiltrate confidential data. The high-impact nature of the vulnerability threatens the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of network infrastructure. Organizations relying on these devices for critical connectivity, especially in sectors like finance, healthcare, and government, face elevated risks. Additionally, compromised access points could serve as footholds for further attacks against internal systems, increasing the overall threat landscape. The requirement for authentication limits exposure somewhat but does not eliminate risk, as credential theft or insider threats could facilitate exploitation.

European organizations should immediately audit their network environments to identify deployments of the Tp-Link AC1350 EAP225 V3 running firmware version 5.1.0 Build 20220926. Until an official patch is released, organizations should restrict access to the device management interface to trusted networks and users only, employing network segmentation and strong access controls. Implement multi-factor authentication for device management accounts to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Monitor device logs and network traffic for unusual activity indicative of exploitation attempts. Consider disabling the Radio Scheduling feature if it is not essential to operations. Regularly check Tp-Link’s official channels for firmware updates addressing this vulnerability and apply patches promptly once available. Additionally, employ network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) tuned to detect anomalous HTTP requests targeting the management interface. For critical environments, consider replacing affected devices with alternatives from vendors with timely security support.