CVE-2023-49912 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Radio Scheduling feature of the Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3), specifically in version 5.1.0 Build 20220926. The vulnerability exists within the web interface's handling of the 'profile' parameter in the httpd binary, where a specially crafted series of authenticated HTTP requests can overflow the stack buffer. This overflow can lead to remote code execution (RCE), allowing an attacker with valid credentials to execute arbitrary code on the device. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-121, indicating a classic stack-based buffer overflow. The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.2 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates network attack vector, low complexity, but requiring high privileges (authenticated access), no user interaction, unchanged scope, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability affects the httpd binary shipped with the affected firmware version, and a similar overflow was noted in an earlier version (v5.0.4 Build 20220216) of the EAP115 model. No public exploits or patches have been reported at the time of publication, but the potential for RCE makes this a critical issue for network security. Attackers exploiting this vulnerability could gain control over the access point, manipulate network traffic, or pivot to other internal systems.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially for those relying on Tp-Link AC1350 EAP225 V3 access points in their network infrastructure. Successful exploitation could lead to complete compromise of the affected device, allowing attackers to intercept, modify, or disrupt wireless communications. This could result in data breaches, unauthorized network access, and potential lateral movement within corporate networks. Critical sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government agencies that depend on secure wireless connectivity could face operational disruptions and data confidentiality breaches. The requirement for authenticated access somewhat limits the attack surface but insider threats or compromised credentials could facilitate exploitation. Additionally, the lack of a public patch increases the window of exposure. The vulnerability could also be leveraged in targeted attacks against European enterprises or infrastructure providers using these devices, amplifying the impact on availability and trust in network services.

Organizations should immediately audit their network environments to identify the presence of Tp-Link AC1350 EAP225 V3 devices running the vulnerable firmware version 5.1.0 Build 20220926. Until an official patch is released, restrict administrative access to the device's web interface by implementing network segmentation and firewall rules that limit access to trusted management networks only. Enforce strong authentication mechanisms and monitor for unusual or repeated HTTP requests targeting the 'profile' parameter or other web interface endpoints. Employ network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) with custom signatures to detect anomalous traffic patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Regularly update device firmware once vendor patches become available and verify the integrity of updates. Additionally, consider replacing vulnerable devices in high-risk environments if patching is delayed. Conduct user training to reduce the risk of credential compromise and implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for device management where supported.