CVE-2024-0939VulnerabilityPublished 26 Jan 2024Updated 29 May 2025

CVE-2024-0939: Byzoro Smart S210 Management Platform · Unrestricted Upload

Affects Byzoro Smart S210 Management PlatformSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · public detection template (Nuclei) · 43% EPSS · CVSS 6.3 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

6.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 43.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 98% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: Low

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed 'remotely exploitable' and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the impacted component.
Integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component.
Availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the impacted component are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 26 Jan 2024
Detectable: evidence found.
nuclei template: Smart S210 Management Platform - Arbitary File Upload
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Byzoro Smart S210 Management Platform	Affected =20240117	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Given the absence of an official patch, European organizations should implement immediate compensating controls. First, restrict access to the management platform to trusted networks and users only, using network segmentation and VPNs to limit exposure. Implement strict authentication and authorization controls to ensure only legitimate users can access upload functionalities. Monitor and log all file upload activities for suspicious behavior, including unexpected file types or sizes. Employ web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block malicious file uploads targeting the /Tool/uploadfile.php endpoint. Conduct regular vulnerability scanning and penetration testing focused on file upload mechanisms. If possible, implement file integrity monitoring and restrict executable permissions on upload directories to prevent execution of uploaded malicious files. Organizations should also prepare incident response plans specific to this vulnerability and stay alert for vendor updates or patches. Finally, consider isolating the affected platform from critical networks until a fix is available.

Description

A vulnerability has been found in Byzoro Smart S210 Management Platform up to 20240117 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /Tool/uploadfile.php. The manipulation of the argument file_upload leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-252184. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Impact

For European organizations using the Byzoro Smart S210 Management Platform, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. The platform likely manages critical infrastructure or operational technology given its designation as a 'management platform.' Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, or disruption of services, impacting business continuity and regulatory compliance, especially under GDPR and other data protection laws. The ability to upload arbitrary files could allow attackers to deploy malware or ransomware, causing operational downtime and financial losses. Additionally, the lack of vendor response and absence of patches increases the window of exposure. Organizations in sectors such as manufacturing, utilities, or smart building management that rely on this platform could face targeted attacks, potentially affecting sensitive or critical systems. The medium severity rating suggests that while the vulnerability is serious, exploitation requires some level of authentication, which may limit exposure to internal threats or attackers who have already gained partial access.

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (opens in a new tab)
Base weaknessLikelihood of exploit: MediumCWE Top 25 (2025): #12OWASP Top 10 A06:2025: Insecure Design (opens in a new tab)
The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.
Architecture and Design
Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.
Architecture and Design · Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Architecture and Design
Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
Server Side Request Forgery Prevention (opens in a new tab)
Web Service Security (opens in a new tab)
Third Party Javascript Management (opens in a new tab)
File Upload (opens in a new tab)
Secure Design Principles (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V12.5.2 (opens in a new tab)
V13.1.5 (opens in a new tab)
V12.2.1 (opens in a new tab)
Attack patterns
Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 7 Jul 2025, 23:42 UTC

Public exploits and detectiona Nuclei detection template

WeaknessesCWE-434

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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