CVE-2024-10126 is a Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability classified under CWE-552, which concerns files or directories accessible to external parties. It affects M-Files Server, a document management system widely used for enterprise content management. The vulnerability exists in versions before 24.11, excluding certain service releases (24.8 SR1, 24.2 SR3, and 23.8 SR7). An authenticated user can exploit this flaw through the document preview functionality to read local server files of a limited set of file types. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), and only low privileges (PR:L) with no user interaction (UI:N). The impact is limited to confidentiality (VC:L), with no effect on integrity or availability. This means an attacker can access sensitive files stored on the server but cannot modify or disrupt services. The vulnerability does not require special privileges beyond authentication, making it a concern for environments where many users have access to the system. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported yet, but the presence of this vulnerability could facilitate information disclosure, potentially aiding further attacks or data breaches if sensitive files are exposed. The lack of a patch link suggests that remediation may require updating to fixed versions or applying vendor guidance once available.

The primary impact of CVE-2024-10126 is unauthorized disclosure of sensitive local files on the M-Files Server. This can lead to leakage of confidential business documents, configuration files, or credentials stored on the server, which may facilitate further attacks such as privilege escalation, lateral movement, or data exfiltration. Organizations relying on M-Files Server for document management, especially those handling sensitive or regulated data, face risks of compliance violations and reputational damage if this vulnerability is exploited. Since the vulnerability requires authenticated access, insider threats or compromised user accounts pose a significant risk vector. The medium severity rating reflects that while the vulnerability does not allow remote code execution or denial of service, the confidentiality breach can have serious consequences depending on the nature of exposed files. Enterprises with large user bases or extensive document repositories are more exposed due to the increased likelihood of an attacker gaining authenticated access. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, as attackers may develop exploits once details become widely known.

To mitigate CVE-2024-10126, organizations should: 1) Upgrade M-Files Server to version 24.11 or later, or to one of the excluded service releases (24.8 SR1, 24.2 SR3, 23.8 SR7) where the vulnerability is fixed. 2) Restrict user permissions to the minimum necessary, limiting access to document preview features and sensitive files only to trusted users. 3) Implement network segmentation and access controls to reduce exposure of the M-Files Server to untrusted networks. 4) Monitor server logs for unusual file access patterns or document preview requests that could indicate exploitation attempts. 5) Enforce strong authentication mechanisms, such as multi-factor authentication, to reduce risk from compromised credentials. 6) Review and harden file system permissions on the server to prevent unauthorized file reads beyond the application scope. 7) Stay updated with vendor advisories for patches or workarounds and apply them promptly once available. 8) Conduct regular security assessments and penetration tests focusing on document management systems to detect similar vulnerabilities early.