CVE-2024-10127 is a critical vulnerability identified in M-Files Server, a document management system widely used in enterprise environments. The flaw stems from an incorrect implementation of the authentication algorithm (CWE-303) in the LDAP authentication mechanism. Specifically, M-Files Server versions before 24.11 support OpenLDAP configurations that, if vulnerable, permit user authentication without requiring a password. This occurs when the LDAP server itself is configured insecurely, allowing attackers to bypass authentication checks entirely. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication, user interaction, or privileges, making it remotely exploitable over the network. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) reflects a network attack vector with low complexity, partial attack type, no privileges required, no user interaction, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no exploits have been observed in the wild, the potential for unauthorized access to sensitive documents and administrative functions is significant. The root cause lies in the reliance on insecure LDAP server configurations, which M-Files Server does not adequately validate or mitigate. This vulnerability highlights the critical need for secure LDAP configurations and robust authentication checks in integrated systems.

The impact of CVE-2024-10127 is severe for organizations using vulnerable versions of M-Files Server with LDAP authentication. Exploitation allows attackers to bypass authentication controls and gain unauthorized access to the document management system, potentially exposing sensitive corporate data, intellectual property, and confidential information. This can lead to data breaches, unauthorized data modification or deletion, and disruption of business operations. The integrity and availability of the M-Files Server environment can be compromised, affecting workflows and compliance with data protection regulations. Given M-Files Server’s role in managing critical documents, the breach could also facilitate lateral movement within enterprise networks, increasing the risk of further compromise. The vulnerability’s ease of exploitation and lack of required privileges amplify the threat, making it attractive for attackers targeting organizations with weak LDAP configurations or insufficient monitoring.

To mitigate CVE-2024-10127, organizations should immediately upgrade M-Files Server to version 24.11 or later, where the vulnerability is addressed. In parallel, review and harden LDAP server configurations to ensure that anonymous or passwordless authentication is disabled. Implement strict access controls and enforce strong authentication policies on the LDAP server. Conduct thorough audits of LDAP integration settings within M-Files Server to detect insecure configurations. Employ network segmentation and monitoring to detect unusual authentication attempts or access patterns. Additionally, enable detailed logging on both M-Files Server and LDAP servers to facilitate incident detection and response. If immediate patching is not feasible, consider disabling LDAP authentication temporarily or restricting access to the M-Files Server to trusted networks only. Regularly train IT staff on secure LDAP practices and monitor vendor advisories for updates or additional patches.