CVE-2024-12369 is a medium-severity vulnerability affecting the OIDC-Client component used in Red Hat Single Sign-On (RH SSO) adapters integrated with JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (EAP) versions 7.x and 8.x. The vulnerability arises due to insufficient verification of data authenticity during the OpenID Connect (OIDC) authorization code flow. Specifically, when using the RH SSO OIDC adapter with EAP 7.x or the elytron-oidc-client subsystem with EAP 8.x, an attacker can perform an authorization code injection attack. This attack allows the adversary to inject a stolen authorization code into their own session, effectively impersonating a victim's identity within the client application. The attack vector typically involves a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) or phishing attack to capture the authorization code. The CVSS 3.1 score of 4.2 reflects a network attack vector requiring high attack complexity, no privileges, and user interaction, with limited impact on confidentiality and integrity and no impact on availability. The vulnerability does not require prior authentication but does require the victim to interact with a malicious link or site to facilitate the code theft. This flaw undermines the trust model of the OIDC authorization code flow, potentially allowing unauthorized access to protected resources under the victim's identity. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or mitigations are explicitly linked in the provided data, indicating that organizations should proactively monitor for updates from Red Hat and related vendors.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk to applications relying on RH SSO OIDC adapters integrated with JBoss EAP 7.x or 8.x for authentication and authorization. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive systems and data by impersonating legitimate users, potentially exposing personal data protected under GDPR and other privacy regulations. The attack could facilitate lateral movement within enterprise networks, data exfiltration, or fraudulent transactions under the guise of compromised identities. Given the reliance of many European enterprises and public sector organizations on Red Hat middleware solutions, especially in regulated industries such as finance, healthcare, and government, the impact could be significant if exploited. However, the requirement for user interaction and high attack complexity somewhat limits the scale of automated exploitation. Still, targeted phishing campaigns or MitM attacks in environments with weak network security could increase risk. The vulnerability also undermines trust in federated identity systems, which are widely used in Europe for single sign-on and cross-organizational authentication.

European organizations should immediately review their use of RH SSO OIDC adapters with JBoss EAP 7.x and 8.x and monitor Red Hat advisories for official patches or updates addressing CVE-2024-12369. In the interim, organizations should: 1) Enforce strict TLS configurations to prevent MitM attacks, including disabling weak cipher suites and enforcing certificate pinning where possible. 2) Educate users about phishing risks and implement advanced email filtering and anti-phishing technologies to reduce the likelihood of stolen authorization codes. 3) Implement additional monitoring and anomaly detection on authentication flows to detect unusual authorization code usage or session anomalies. 4) Consider deploying multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the impact of compromised authorization codes. 5) Review and harden network segmentation to limit exposure of authentication infrastructure. 6) If feasible, temporarily disable or restrict the use of vulnerable OIDC adapters until patches are available. 7) Conduct penetration testing focused on OIDC flows to identify potential exploitation paths. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on the specific attack vectors and affected components.