CVE-2024-13051 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in Ashlar-Vellum Graphite, specifically affecting version 13_SE_13048. The flaw exists in the parsing logic of VC6 files, where the software fails to properly validate the length of user-supplied data before copying it into a heap-allocated buffer. This lack of bounds checking can lead to a buffer overflow condition, which attackers can exploit to overwrite adjacent memory. By crafting a malicious VC6 file and convincing a user to open it or visit a malicious webpage that triggers the file parsing, an attacker can execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the current user process. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) and was assigned a CVSS v3.0 score of 7.8, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The attack vector is local (AV:L) requiring user interaction (UI:R), with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no privileges required (PR:N). Although no active exploits have been reported, the vulnerability poses a significant risk due to the potential for remote code execution. The vulnerability was reported by the Zero Day Initiative (ZDI) as ZDI-CAN-24977. No official patches have been linked yet, so mitigation currently relies on cautious handling of VC6 files and monitoring for updates from Ashlar-Vellum.

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code within the context of the affected application, potentially leading to full system compromise depending on the user's privileges. This can result in unauthorized access to sensitive design data, alteration or destruction of intellectual property, and disruption of business operations. Since the vulnerability affects a specialized design software, organizations in engineering, manufacturing, and product design sectors are particularly at risk. The requirement for user interaction limits mass exploitation but targeted attacks via phishing or malicious file distribution remain a significant threat. The high CVSS score indicates that confidentiality, integrity, and availability can all be severely impacted. Additionally, exploitation could serve as a foothold for lateral movement within networks, increasing the overall risk posture of affected organizations.

Organizations should immediately implement strict controls on the handling and opening of VC6 files, including disabling automatic opening of such files from untrusted sources. Employ email and web filtering to block or flag suspicious attachments and links. Until an official patch is released by Ashlar-Vellum, consider running Graphite in a sandboxed or isolated environment to limit potential damage from exploitation. Monitor vendor communications closely for patch announcements and apply updates promptly once available. Conduct user awareness training to reduce the likelihood of successful social engineering attacks that could trigger exploitation. Additionally, implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to identify anomalous behaviors indicative of exploitation attempts. Regularly back up critical design data and verify the integrity of backups to ensure recovery capability in case of compromise.