CVE-2024-20955 is a vulnerability identified in Oracle GraalVM for JDK and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition, specifically within the compiler component of these products. The affected versions include Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.9 and 21.0.1, as well as Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition versions 20.3.12, 21.3.8, and 22.3.4. The vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to exploit the flaw, although it is characterized as difficult to exploit. Successful exploitation results in unauthorized read access to a subset of data accessible by Oracle GraalVM for JDK and its Enterprise Edition. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-200, which relates to information exposure. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 3.7, indicating a low severity level, with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N. This means the attack can be performed remotely over the network (AV:N), requires high attack complexity (AC:H), no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N). The impact is limited to confidentiality with no impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits are reported in the wild, and no patches are currently linked in the provided data. The vulnerability's difficulty to exploit and limited impact reduce its immediate threat level, but it still poses a risk of unauthorized data disclosure in environments running the affected GraalVM versions.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-20955 is primarily related to confidentiality breaches where sensitive data processed or stored within Oracle GraalVM environments could be exposed to unauthorized parties. Since GraalVM is used for running Java applications with enhanced performance and polyglot capabilities, organizations leveraging it for critical business applications or data processing might face risks of data leakage. Although the vulnerability does not affect integrity or availability, unauthorized read access could lead to exposure of intellectual property, sensitive business logic, or personal data, potentially violating GDPR and other data protection regulations. The difficulty of exploitation and lack of known active exploits reduce the immediate operational risk; however, organizations with high-value data or regulatory compliance requirements should consider this vulnerability seriously. The multi-protocol network access vector implies that any exposed GraalVM service interfaces could be targeted, increasing the risk in environments with insufficient network segmentation or exposure to untrusted networks.

European organizations should implement a multi-layered mitigation approach beyond generic patching advice. First, they should inventory and identify all instances of Oracle GraalVM for JDK and Enterprise Edition in their environments, including versions, to assess exposure. Since no patch links are currently provided, organizations should monitor Oracle's official channels for updates and apply patches promptly once available. In the interim, restrict network access to GraalVM services by enforcing strict firewall rules and network segmentation to limit exposure to trusted internal networks only. Employ intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS) to monitor unusual access patterns or attempts to exploit network protocols associated with GraalVM. Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability scans focusing on GraalVM deployments. Additionally, implement application-level logging and monitoring to detect unauthorized access attempts. Where feasible, consider deploying GraalVM within isolated or containerized environments to reduce the attack surface. Finally, review and enforce least privilege principles for services interacting with GraalVM to minimize potential data exposure.