CVE-2024-22368 is a vulnerability identified in the Perl module Spreadsheet::ParseXLSX versions prior to 0.28. The flaw arises from the module's memoize implementation, which lacks appropriate constraints when handling merged cells in XLSX documents. An attacker can craft a specially designed XLSX file that triggers excessive memory allocation during parsing, leading to an out-of-memory (OOM) condition. This results in a denial-of-service (DoS) scenario where the affected process or system may crash or become unresponsive. The vulnerability requires that the victim parse the malicious XLSX file, implying user interaction and local access to the vulnerable parsing functionality. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 5.5 (medium), reflecting the local attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, but requiring user interaction and causing availability impact only. No confidentiality or integrity impacts are noted. No public exploits have been reported to date. This vulnerability is particularly relevant for environments where Perl scripts or applications automatically process XLSX files, such as data import tools, ETL pipelines, or custom reporting systems. The lack of patch links suggests that users should upgrade to version 0.28 or later where the issue is resolved. Additionally, the vulnerability highlights the risks of insufficient input validation and resource management in file parsing libraries.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2024-22368 is the potential for denial of service due to out-of-memory conditions when parsing malicious XLSX files. This can disrupt automated data processing workflows, cause application crashes, or degrade system performance. Industries relying heavily on spreadsheet data ingestion, such as finance, manufacturing, and public administration, may experience operational interruptions. Since the vulnerability requires user interaction to open or process the crafted file, phishing or social engineering could be leveraged to trigger the exploit. While no direct data breach or integrity compromise is expected, the availability impact could affect business continuity and productivity. Organizations with Perl-based tooling or legacy systems that utilize Spreadsheet::ParseXLSX should assess their exposure. The lack of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as attackers may develop exploits over time.

To mitigate CVE-2024-22368, organizations should upgrade the Spreadsheet::ParseXLSX Perl module to version 0.28 or later, where the vulnerability is addressed. If immediate upgrading is not feasible, implement strict input validation to detect and block suspicious XLSX files, particularly those with abnormal merged cell configurations. Employ resource limits and monitoring on processes that parse XLSX files to prevent excessive memory consumption. Educate users about the risks of opening untrusted spreadsheet attachments and reinforce phishing awareness. Consider sandboxing or isolating spreadsheet parsing operations to contain potential crashes. Regularly review and update Perl dependencies and maintain an inventory of software components to quickly identify vulnerable versions. Finally, monitor security advisories for any emerging exploits or patches related to this vulnerability.