CVE-2024-22647 is a user enumeration vulnerability identified in SEO Panel version 4.10.0. This vulnerability arises during the user authentication process, where the application returns different error messages depending on whether a username exists or not. Such behavior allows an attacker to distinguish valid usernames from invalid ones by analyzing the error responses. This information disclosure facilitates targeted brute-force attacks against valid user accounts, increasing the likelihood of successful credential compromise. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-203 (Information Exposure Through Discrepancy), indicating that inconsistent error handling leaks sensitive information. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting that the attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires no privileges (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and impacts confidentiality to a limited extent (C:L) without affecting integrity or availability. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches or vendor advisories are available at this time. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, making it relatively easy to exploit remotely by an unauthenticated attacker. However, the impact is limited to information disclosure of valid usernames, which is a preliminary step in a multi-stage attack rather than a direct compromise.

For European organizations using SEO Panel 4.10.0, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily related to information disclosure and subsequent brute-force attacks. By enumerating valid usernames, attackers can focus their efforts on credential guessing or password spraying attacks, potentially leading to unauthorized access if weak or reused passwords are present. This can compromise the confidentiality of user accounts and potentially lead to further exploitation depending on the privileges of compromised accounts. While the vulnerability itself does not directly impact system integrity or availability, the downstream effects of successful brute-force attacks could include unauthorized data access, defacement, or service disruption. European organizations with public-facing SEO Panel installations are particularly at risk, especially those with inadequate account lockout policies or weak password enforcement. The medium severity score suggests that while the vulnerability is not critical, it should be addressed promptly to prevent escalation. Additionally, the lack of patches increases the window of exposure. Given the GDPR and other data protection regulations in Europe, unauthorized access resulting from this vulnerability could also lead to regulatory and reputational consequences.

To mitigate this vulnerability effectively, organizations should implement consistent error messaging during authentication to prevent user enumeration. This can be achieved by standardizing all authentication failure responses regardless of username validity. Additionally, deploying account lockout mechanisms or rate limiting on authentication attempts can reduce the feasibility of brute-force attacks. Enforcing strong password policies and encouraging multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all user accounts will further reduce the risk of credential compromise. Network-level protections such as Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) can be configured to detect and block suspicious authentication patterns indicative of enumeration or brute-force attempts. Since no official patch is currently available, organizations should consider temporary compensating controls such as restricting access to the authentication interface by IP whitelisting or VPN access where feasible. Regular monitoring and alerting on authentication failures and unusual login patterns will help detect exploitation attempts early. Finally, organizations should stay updated with vendor advisories for any forthcoming patches and apply them promptly once released.