CVE-2024-23261 is a logic vulnerability in Apple macOS that arises from improper state management, allowing an attacker to read information belonging to other users on the same system. This vulnerability does not require any privileges or user interaction, making it remotely exploitable over the network (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The flaw affects multiple macOS versions, including Monterey 12.7.6, Ventura 13.6.8, and Sonoma 14.4, where it has been addressed by Apple through improved state management mechanisms. The vulnerability primarily impacts confidentiality, enabling unauthorized disclosure of sensitive user data without affecting integrity or availability. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the CVSS 3.1 score of 7.5 (high) reflects the significant risk posed by this vulnerability due to its ease of exploitation and potential impact. The vulnerability could be leveraged by attackers to gain access to private information across user boundaries on macOS devices, which could facilitate further attacks or data leaks. The issue underscores the importance of robust state management in multi-user operating systems to prevent cross-user data leakage.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of sensitive information stored or processed on macOS devices. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and critical infrastructure that rely on Apple hardware and software could face data breaches leading to regulatory penalties under GDPR and loss of customer trust. The ability for an unauthenticated attacker to read data from other users without interaction increases the threat landscape, especially in environments where macOS devices are network-accessible or shared among multiple users. Although integrity and availability are not directly impacted, the exposure of confidential data could facilitate further social engineering, identity theft, or targeted attacks. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for mitigation, but the high severity score indicates that exploitation could be straightforward once a proof-of-concept is developed. Organizations must consider the risk of insider threats or external attackers exploiting this flaw to access sensitive user data.

1. Immediately update all macOS devices to the patched versions: Monterey 12.7.6, Ventura 13.6.8, or Sonoma 14.4 as applicable. 2. Implement strict network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure of macOS devices to untrusted networks. 3. Audit user permissions and cross-user data access policies to minimize unnecessary data sharing between accounts. 4. Monitor system logs and network traffic for unusual access patterns or attempts to exploit cross-user data access. 5. Educate users and administrators about the vulnerability and the importance of timely patching. 6. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting anomalous behavior related to unauthorized data access. 7. For organizations with macOS device fleets, use centralized management tools (e.g., Apple Business Manager, MDM solutions) to enforce patch deployment and compliance. 8. Review and enhance data encryption practices, ensuring sensitive data is encrypted at rest and in transit to reduce exposure even if accessed improperly.