CVE-2024-30147 is a medium-severity vulnerability classified under CWE-79, which pertains to improper neutralization of input during web page generation, commonly known as Cross-site Scripting (XSS). This vulnerability affects HCL Software's product HCL Leap, specifically versions prior to 9.3.8. The issue arises from multiple vectors within both the authoring environment and deployed applications of HCL Leap, allowing an attacker to inject malicious client-side scripts. These scripts can execute in the context of the victim's browser, potentially leading to session hijacking, unauthorized actions on behalf of the user, data theft, or defacement of web content. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation or output encoding when generating web pages, enabling malicious payloads to be embedded and executed. Although no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the presence of multiple injection vectors increases the attack surface and risk. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction beyond visiting a crafted page or application, which can facilitate exploitation in targeted or broad attacks. Given HCL Leap's role as a low-code application development platform, compromised applications could serve as a vector for further attacks within enterprise environments.

For European organizations using HCL Leap, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data processed or displayed via affected applications. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to user sessions, leakage of confidential information, or manipulation of application behavior, undermining trust and compliance with data protection regulations such as GDPR. The availability impact is generally limited for XSS, but successful attacks could result in service disruption if combined with other exploits or if users are deterred from using compromised applications. Given the increasing adoption of low-code platforms in Europe for rapid digital transformation, organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government could face reputational damage and regulatory penalties if exploited. The lack of known active exploits provides a window for remediation, but the multiple injection vectors necessitate thorough code review and patching to prevent exploitation.

Organizations should prioritize upgrading HCL Leap to version 9.3.8 or later, where this vulnerability is addressed. In the absence of immediate patching, implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data within custom applications built on HCL Leap. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts and reduce the impact of potential XSS attacks. Conduct comprehensive security testing, including automated and manual penetration tests focusing on injection points in both the authoring environment and deployed applications. Educate developers and administrators on secure coding practices specific to low-code platforms. Additionally, monitor application logs and user reports for unusual behavior indicative of exploitation attempts. Network-level protections such as Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with updated signatures for HCL Leap can provide an additional layer of defense.