CVE-2024-38028 is a remote code execution vulnerability classified under CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read) found in the Windows Performance Data Helper Library component of Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 (build 10.0.17763.0). The vulnerability arises from improper handling of memory bounds, allowing an attacker with high privileges to remotely read memory outside the intended buffer, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. The CVSS 3.1 base score is 7.2, indicating a high severity level, with an attack vector of network (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), but requiring high privileges (PR:H) and no user interaction (UI:N). The scope is unchanged (S:U), and the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is high (C:H/I:H/A:H). Although no public exploit or patch is currently available, the vulnerability poses a significant risk to systems still running this older Windows 10 version, which is often found in legacy environments. The vulnerability could be exploited by attackers who have already gained elevated privileges, such as insiders or through chained exploits, to execute arbitrary code remotely, potentially compromising entire systems or networks. The Windows Performance Data Helper Library is a core component used for performance monitoring and diagnostics, making this vulnerability critical for system stability and security.

European organizations using Windows 10 Version 1809, particularly in sectors such as government, critical infrastructure, finance, and healthcare, face significant risks from this vulnerability. Successful exploitation can lead to full system compromise, data breaches, disruption of services, and potential lateral movement within networks. Since the vulnerability allows remote code execution with high privileges, attackers could deploy malware, ransomware, or conduct espionage activities. The lack of available patches increases the window of exposure, especially for organizations with legacy systems that have not been upgraded. This could result in operational downtime, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR), and reputational damage. The impact is exacerbated in environments where network segmentation and privilege restrictions are weak, allowing attackers to leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and move laterally.

1. Prioritize upgrading or migrating systems from Windows 10 Version 1809 to supported, patched versions of Windows to eliminate exposure. 2. Implement strict network segmentation and firewall rules to restrict access to systems running vulnerable versions, especially blocking unnecessary inbound traffic to the Performance Data Helper Library services. 3. Enforce the principle of least privilege by auditing and limiting accounts with high privileges to reduce the risk of exploitation. 4. Monitor system and network logs for unusual activity indicative of exploitation attempts, such as unexpected memory access patterns or anomalous remote connections. 5. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting exploitation behaviors related to out-of-bounds memory reads and remote code execution. 6. Prepare incident response plans specifically addressing potential exploitation of this vulnerability, including containment and recovery procedures. 7. Stay alert for official patches or mitigations from Microsoft and apply them promptly once available. 8. Consider virtual patching via intrusion prevention systems (IPS) to block exploit attempts targeting this vulnerability until official patches are deployed.