CVE-2024-44189 is a logic vulnerability identified in Apple macOS, specifically affecting the screen capture functionality. The flaw stems from inadequate permission validation, allowing any process to capture the screen contents without obtaining explicit user consent or authorization. This bypass of user consent mechanisms means that malicious or unauthorized applications can silently record sensitive on-screen information, including passwords, confidential documents, or private communications. The vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to the release of macOS Sequoia 15, where Apple implemented improved checks to enforce user consent before screen capture is permitted. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 reflects a high severity, driven by the vulnerability's network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), and no user interaction needed (UI:N). The impact is primarily on confidentiality (C:H), with no direct impact on integrity or availability. No known exploits have been reported in the wild as of the publication date, but the ease of exploitation and the sensitive nature of screen content make this a critical privacy concern. The vulnerability could be exploited by malware, spyware, or remote attackers to exfiltrate sensitive information without detection. This issue highlights the importance of strict access controls and user consent enforcement in operating system security models.

For European organizations, the primary impact of CVE-2024-44189 is the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive screen content, which can include personal data, intellectual property, financial information, and confidential communications. This breach of confidentiality can lead to data privacy violations under regulations such as GDPR, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and technology are particularly vulnerable due to the sensitive nature of their data. The ability to exploit this vulnerability without user interaction or privileges increases the risk of widespread compromise, especially in environments where macOS devices are used extensively. Additionally, the stealthy nature of screen capture means that detection and response may be challenging, potentially allowing attackers prolonged access to sensitive information. The vulnerability could also undermine trust in Apple devices within European enterprises, impacting operational security and compliance postures.

To mitigate CVE-2024-44189, European organizations should immediately plan and execute upgrades to macOS Sequoia 15 or later, where the vulnerability has been addressed with improved permission checks. Until upgrades are deployed, organizations should audit and restrict applications that have screen recording permissions, using macOS privacy settings and Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions to enforce strict controls. Monitoring for unusual screen capture activity or unauthorized processes can help detect exploitation attempts. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools capable of identifying suspicious behavior related to screen capture APIs. Educate users about the risks of installing untrusted software that could exploit this vulnerability. For highly sensitive environments, consider isolating macOS devices or limiting their network exposure until patched. Regularly review and update security policies to include controls for screen capture permissions and ensure compliance with data protection regulations.