CVE-2024-44243 is a vulnerability identified in Apple macOS that stems from a configuration issue allowing an application to modify protected parts of the file system. This vulnerability was addressed in macOS Sequoia 15.2 by implementing additional restrictions to prevent unauthorized file system modifications. The vulnerability does not require privileged access (PR:N) but does require user interaction (UI:R), such as running or installing a malicious app. The attack vector is local (AV:L), meaning the attacker must have local access to the system. The vulnerability impacts system integrity (I:H) but does not affect confidentiality or availability. Exploiting this flaw could allow an attacker to alter critical system files or configurations, potentially leading to persistent compromise or bypassing security controls. No known exploits have been reported in the wild, indicating the threat is currently theoretical but should be treated seriously due to the potential impact. The vulnerability affects unspecified versions of macOS prior to 15.2, so all users running older versions are potentially vulnerable. The fix involves enhanced configuration restrictions to protect sensitive file system areas from unauthorized modification by applications.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a risk primarily to the integrity of macOS systems. Unauthorized modification of protected file system areas can lead to persistent malware installation, tampering with security mechanisms, or disruption of system operations. Organizations relying on macOS for critical business functions, development, or creative work could face operational disruptions or data integrity issues. Although the vulnerability does not directly compromise confidentiality or availability, integrity breaches can facilitate further attacks or data manipulation. The requirement for local access and user interaction limits remote exploitation but insider threats or social engineering attacks could leverage this vulnerability. Given the widespread use of Apple devices in sectors such as finance, media, and government in Europe, the impact could be significant if exploited. The absence of known exploits reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the need for prompt remediation.

European organizations should immediately plan to upgrade all macOS devices to macOS Sequoia 15.2 or later, where the vulnerability is fixed. Until patching is complete, restrict installation of untrusted applications and enforce strict application whitelisting policies to prevent execution of potentially malicious apps. Employ endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting suspicious file system modifications. Educate users about the risks of installing unverified software and the importance of avoiding social engineering attacks that could trigger exploitation. Regularly audit file system integrity and monitor for unusual changes in protected directories. Implement least privilege principles to limit user permissions and reduce the likelihood of unauthorized local access. For managed environments, use Mobile Device Management (MDM) tools to enforce security policies and expedite patch deployment. Maintain up-to-date backups to recover from potential integrity compromises.