Threats Affecting Brazil

It was discovered that libsoup incorrectly handled certain URLs when using an HTTP proxy. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to inject arbitrary HTTP headers. (CVE-2026-1467) It was discovered that libsoup did not remove proxy authentication credentials when following HTTP redirects. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2026-1539) Ahmed Lekssays discovered that libsoup incorrectly parsed certain HTTP requests. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2026-1801)

MediumVulnerabilityUnited StatesGermanyUnited Kingdom+7#cve#cve-2026-1467#gcve

Brazilian banking malware operation REF9334 has been deploying KREMLIN toolkit since May 2025, targeting Brazilian financial institutions through malicious browser extensions. The operation uses multi-stage JavaScript loaders, custom C++ installers, and exploits Chromium integrity mechanisms by manipulating Secure Preferences and regenerating required HMACs. Infrastructure leverages Ethereum smart contracts as dead-drop resolvers for dynamic C2 configuration. Seven distinct campaigns over 15 months show evolution from PULSAR RAT to REMCOS RAT delivery. Attackers impersonate twelve Brazilian banks through Portuguese-language lures, with transaction patterns clustering during São Paulo working hours. The malicious extensions intercept credentials, session tokens, and sensitive banking data through keylogging and request interception capabilities. Over 1,500 infections have been temporarily disrupted through network canary registration, with 98.75% of victims located in Brazil.

MediumMalwareBrazil#kremlin#browser extension#ethereum dead-drop

Trezor warned customers that threat actors who breached its third-party email provider are conducting phishing attacks targeting its users. The phishing emails impersonate Trezor and claim a critical hardware vulnerability, attempting to trick recipients into clicking malicious links. Trezor has taken down the fraudulent domain and is investigating the breach. This incident follows a prior data breach involving Trezor's shipping provider ShipMonk, which exposed customer order data affecting tens of thousands of users across multiple countries. The phishing attack leverages compromised email infrastructure rather than a direct vulnerability in Trezor products.

MediumPhishingUnited StatesBrazilColombia+4#phishing

Gigabud is an Android remote access banking trojan active since 2022, attributed to GoldFactory group, targeting victims across Southeast Asia, South Asia, Middle East, Africa and Latin America. The malware now utilizes Vwork, a weaponized fork of the open-source app cloning application Shelter, to evade detection by creating isolated work profiles. After initial Gigabud infection, Vwork is installed to clone banking applications into the work profile, hiding malicious activity from signature-based detection in application security SDKs. Between February and July 2026, approximately 1,469 compromised devices and 1,281 potentially compromised logins were observed in Indonesia alone, with estimated losses of roughly $960,939. The infection chain involves social engineering through phishing sites delivering fake apps disguised as legitimate services, followed by credential theft through overlays and remote-controlled fraudulent transactions executed within cloned banking apps.

MediumMalwareBrazilColombiaEgypt+5#work profile evasion#vwork#gigabud

Cisco Talos identified a malware infection chain involving WebDAV-based DLL execution delivering the Amatera stealer and secondary payloads including ZigCryptoStealer and NetSupport Manager. The infection chain uses a Cloudflare Worker to inject JavaScript stored on BNB Smart Chain and a fake CAPTCHA prompt to trick victims into executing the malware. Two distinct DLL loaders named "verification.google" and "pf.ch" were observed, each deploying different secondary payloads. The "verification.google" loader installed NetSupport Manager with a command-and-control server IP linked to Russia, suggesting a Russian threat actor. The infection was first observed in April 2026 targeting a Ukrainian government organization but is assessed as not specifically targeted. Multiple infection chains delivering Amatera stealer have been documented, but no direct infrastructure links were found between them. The threat involves credential and cryptocurrency theft through sophisticated multi-stage delivery mechanisms.

HighMalwareUnited StatesBrazilBritish Indian Ocean Territory+4#windows#cisco#javascript

An unpatched zero-day vulnerability dubbed StyleSmuggler affects all current versions of Magento and Adobe Commerce, including 2.4.9, enabling unauthenticated remote code execution. Active exploitation began on September 4th, 2026. The attack operates in two stages: injecting malicious PHP code into Magento's template system using styles properties to evade safeguards, then executing the poisoned code via failed payment emails. Upon successful compromise, attackers deploy a Rust-based backdoor disguised as legitimate system processes (kworker, fc-cache, or chronyd) that connects to command and control servers. The backdoor uses NTP-shaped UDP traffic for C2 communication to evade detection. A second unrelated attacker has also been observed exploiting the same vulnerability to deploy PHP web shells. Affected merchants should deploy immediate mitigation measures, scan for compromise, and temporarily disable GraphQL until an official patch is released.

CriticalVulnerabilityUnited StatesGermanyUnited Kingdom+10#cve#cve-2025-54236#cwe-20

Two distinct multi-stage network intrusion campaigns are actively targeting Latin American organizations, with attackers leveraging artificial intelligence tools to enhance their capabilities. The Mexican transportation campaign (CL-CRI-1131) impacted transportation organizations and government entities in Mexico and Ecuador, utilizing living-off-the-land techniques and self-hosted NextChat instances. The Brazilian financial campaign (CL-CRI-1163) employed custom RATs and tunneling tools including a Go-based SOCKS5 proxy. Both operations demonstrate technical overlaps including shared SOCKS5 infrastructure and reliance on commercial large language models like Claude and GPT-4.1 for operational orchestration. Attackers used AI to generate scripts and troubleshoot execution failures, evidenced by iterative file naming patterns and exposed NextChat interfaces. However, fundamental operational security failures, including exposed staging directories and unsecured interfaces, provided defenders clear visibility...

MediumMalwareBrazilEcuadorMexico#phishing campaign#socktz#nextchat

FreePBX is an open-source web-based graphical user interface. FreePBX 15, 16, and 17 endpoints are vulnerable due to insufficiently sanitized user-supplied data allowing unauthenticated access to FreePBX Administrator leading to arbitrary database manipulation and remote code execution. This issue has been patched in endpoint versions 15.0.66, 16.0.89, and 17.0.3.

CriticalVulnerabilityUnited StatesGermanyUnited Kingdom+9#cve#cve-2025-57819#cwe-89

A Chinese-speaking cybercrime group dubbed Gambling Goblin has conducted a sustained campaign against Brazilian organizations since mid-2025, primarily targeting government and educational institutions. The attackers compromise web servers and install malicious Apache modules that silently reverse-proxy visitors to phishing pages while appearing to originate from legitimate domains. These phishing pages impersonate trusted app stores like Google Play and Microsoft Store but actually promote online gambling and sports betting. The operation manipulates search engine rankings by chaining together compromised high-reputation domains, particularly Brazilian government sites. The group deploys an extensive Linux toolkit including custom downloaders, backdoors, credential stealers, and reconnaissance tools, most heavily obfuscated to evade detection. Evidence shows the operation extends beyond Brazil with parallel infrastructure targeting Vietnamese, Spanish, and English-speaking victims.

MediumMalwareBrazil#reconnaissance#apache modules#bruteforcer

Since mid-2025, a Chinese-speaking cybercrime group dubbed Gambling Goblin has conducted a sustained campaign targeting Brazilian organizations, mainly government and educational institutions. The attackers compromise web servers and install malicious Apache modules that stealthily reverse-proxy visitors to phishing pages impersonating trusted app stores. These phishing pages promote online gambling and sports betting while leveraging hijacked high-reputation domains to manipulate search engine rankings and hijack traffic. The group uses a heavily obfuscated Linux toolkit including downloaders, backdoors, credential stealers, and brute-forcers. The infrastructure is scalable and extends beyond Brazil, with parallel phishing networks targeting Vietnamese, Spanish, and English-speaking victims. The phishing infrastructure could be reconfigured to deliver malware directly, posing a latent escalation risk.

HighCampaignBrazil#linux#phishing#malware