CVE-2024-52019 is a command injection vulnerability identified in the Netgear R8500 router firmware version 1.0.2.160. The vulnerability resides in the handling of the wan_gateway parameter within the genie_fix2.cgi CGI script. An attacker with at least low-level privileges and access to the local network can craft a malicious HTTP request to this endpoint, injecting arbitrary OS commands that the router executes. This flaw stems from improper input validation and sanitization, classified under CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command). The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can be exploited remotely over the network if the attacker can reach the router’s management interface. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 8.0, reflecting high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with low attack complexity and no user interaction needed. Exploitation could allow attackers to take full control of the device, manipulate network traffic, install persistent malware, or disrupt network services. Currently, there are no known public exploits or patches, which increases the risk of future exploitation once exploit code becomes available. The vulnerability affects a widely used consumer router model, often deployed in home and small office environments, making it a significant risk for a broad user base.

The impact of CVE-2024-52019 is severe for organizations and individuals using the Netgear R8500 router. Successful exploitation can lead to complete compromise of the router, allowing attackers to intercept, modify, or redirect network traffic, potentially leading to data breaches and man-in-the-middle attacks. Attackers could also disrupt network availability by executing commands that degrade or disable router functionality. The integrity of network communications is at risk, as attackers can alter configurations or inject malicious payloads into the network. For organizations, this could mean exposure of sensitive internal communications, unauthorized access to internal systems, and disruption of business operations. The vulnerability’s low complexity and lack of user interaction requirements increase the likelihood of exploitation, especially in environments where routers are accessible from untrusted networks or poorly segmented internal networks. The absence of a patch further elevates the risk, as attackers may develop and deploy exploits targeting this vulnerability. Overall, the threat poses a critical risk to network security, privacy, and operational continuity.

To mitigate CVE-2024-52019, organizations should immediately restrict access to the Netgear R8500 router’s management interfaces, ensuring they are not exposed to untrusted networks, including the internet. Disable remote management features if enabled. Implement network segmentation to isolate routers from general user networks and limit access to trusted administrators only. Monitor network traffic for unusual HTTP requests targeting genie_fix2.cgi and the wan_gateway parameter, using intrusion detection systems or firewall rules to block suspicious activity. Regularly audit router configurations and logs for signs of compromise. Until an official firmware patch is released by Netgear, consider deploying compensating controls such as network-level filtering to block access to the vulnerable endpoint. If possible, replace affected devices with models that have received security updates. Stay informed through vendor advisories and apply firmware updates promptly once available. Additionally, educate users about the risks of exposing router management interfaces and enforce strong authentication mechanisms for device access.