CVE-2024-54509 is a vulnerability classified under CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) affecting Apple macOS operating systems. The root cause is insufficient input validation in a component of macOS that allows an application to write outside the bounds of allocated memory. This can lead to memory corruption in kernel space, enabling an attacker to cause unexpected system termination (crashes) or potentially execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. The vulnerability is exploitable by a local attacker with no privileges (PR:N) but requires user interaction (UI:R), such as running a malicious app. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 7.8, reflecting high severity due to the potential for complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). The scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact is confined to the vulnerable system. Apple has addressed this issue by improving input validation in the affected component and released patches in macOS Sonoma 14.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, and macOS Sonoma 14.7.3. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported yet, but the vulnerability's nature makes it a significant risk if weaponized. The vulnerability affects unspecified versions prior to these patches, so all unpatched macOS systems are at risk. This flaw could be leveraged for privilege escalation or denial of service, impacting system stability and security.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-54509 is substantial, especially those relying on macOS devices for critical operations, development, or sensitive data processing. Exploitation could lead to kernel-level compromise, allowing attackers to bypass security controls, access sensitive information, or disrupt services through system crashes. This poses risks to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability, potentially affecting compliance with GDPR and other data protection regulations. Organizations in sectors such as finance, healthcare, government, and technology, where macOS usage is prevalent, could face operational disruptions and reputational damage. Additionally, the requirement for local access and user interaction means insider threats or targeted phishing campaigns could facilitate exploitation. The absence of known exploits provides a window for proactive patching and mitigation before widespread attacks occur.

1. Immediately apply the security updates provided by Apple for macOS Sonoma 14.7.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, and macOS Sonoma 14.7.3 to all affected devices. 2. Enforce strict application control policies to limit installation and execution of untrusted or unsigned applications, reducing the risk of malicious app execution. 3. Educate users on the risks of running unverified applications and the importance of avoiding suspicious links or downloads that could trigger user interaction. 4. Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of monitoring for anomalous kernel memory writes or system crashes indicative of exploitation attempts. 5. Restrict local access to macOS systems, especially in sensitive environments, and enforce strong authentication mechanisms to reduce insider threat risks. 6. Regularly audit and inventory macOS devices to ensure timely patch deployment and compliance with security policies. 7. Monitor security advisories from Apple and threat intelligence sources for any emerging exploit activity related to this vulnerability.