CVE-2024-54515 is a logic vulnerability in Apple macOS that allows a malicious application to escalate privileges to root. The flaw stems from inadequate enforcement of restrictions controlling privilege escalation, categorized under CWE-281 (Improper Privilege Management). This vulnerability enables an attacker with local access and the ability to execute code (requiring user interaction) to bypass normal privilege boundaries and gain full administrative control over the system. The vulnerability affects unspecified versions of macOS prior to Sequoia 15.2, where the issue has been addressed by Apple through improved restriction mechanisms. The CVSS v3.1 score is 7.8, reflecting high severity due to the potential for complete system compromise (confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts are all high). Although no exploits are currently known in the wild, the vulnerability presents a significant risk because it does not require prior privileges and only needs user interaction, making it feasible for attackers to leverage social engineering or malicious app distribution. The vulnerability is particularly critical in environments where macOS is used for sensitive operations, as root access allows attackers to install persistent malware, exfiltrate data, or disrupt system operations.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-54515 is substantial. Successful exploitation results in full system compromise, allowing attackers to bypass all security controls, access sensitive data, modify system configurations, and disrupt services. This can lead to data breaches, loss of intellectual property, operational downtime, and reputational damage. Sectors such as finance, government, healthcare, and critical infrastructure that rely on macOS devices for daily operations are especially vulnerable. The need for user interaction means phishing or social engineering campaigns could be used to deliver malicious apps, increasing the attack surface. Additionally, organizations with Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies or less stringent endpoint controls may face higher risks. The absence of known exploits in the wild provides a window for proactive defense, but the high severity score underscores the urgency of patching and mitigation.

1. Upgrade all macOS systems to Sequoia 15.2 or later immediately upon release to apply the official fix. 2. Enforce strict application installation policies, allowing only apps from trusted sources such as the Apple App Store or verified developers. 3. Implement endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting suspicious privilege escalation attempts and malicious app behaviors. 4. Educate users on the risks of installing untrusted applications and the importance of verifying app sources to reduce the likelihood of social engineering exploitation. 5. Employ application whitelisting and restrict execution of unsigned or unknown binaries. 6. Monitor system logs for unusual privilege escalation activities and conduct regular audits of user permissions. 7. For organizations with critical macOS deployments, consider network segmentation and limiting local user privileges to reduce exposure. 8. Maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans to quickly recover from potential compromises.