CVE-2024-8591 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in Autodesk AutoCAD, specifically within the AcTranslators.exe component responsible for parsing 3DM files. This vulnerability arises when a maliciously crafted 3DM file is processed, causing the application to improperly handle memory allocation on the heap. The flaw allows an attacker to overflow a buffer, which can lead to a range of adverse outcomes including application crashes, unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data, or the execution of arbitrary code within the context of the AutoCAD process. The vulnerability affects multiple recent versions of AutoCAD, namely 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025, indicating a persistent issue across several product iterations. Exploitation does not require prior authentication but does require the victim to open or otherwise process a malicious 3DM file, which is a common file format used for 3D modeling in AutoCAD. While no known exploits are currently reported in the wild, the nature of heap-based buffer overflows and the widespread use of AutoCAD in engineering, architecture, and design sectors make this a significant risk. The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-122, which highlights improper memory handling leading to buffer overflows on the heap, a common vector for remote code execution attacks. The absence of an available patch at the time of reporting further elevates the risk for organizations relying on affected AutoCAD versions.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2024-8591 could be substantial, particularly for those in industries heavily reliant on AutoCAD such as construction, manufacturing, engineering, and infrastructure development. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized code execution, potentially allowing attackers to gain control over affected systems, steal intellectual property, disrupt design workflows, or deploy further malware. This could result in operational downtime, financial losses, and reputational damage. Additionally, the compromise of sensitive design files could have broader implications for national infrastructure projects or critical manufacturing processes. Given AutoCAD’s integration into many enterprise environments, a compromised system could serve as a pivot point for lateral movement within corporate networks, escalating the threat beyond a single endpoint. The lack of known exploits currently reduces immediate risk but does not preclude future targeted attacks, especially as threat actors often reverse-engineer disclosed vulnerabilities to develop exploits. The medium severity rating suggests a moderate level of risk, but the potential for arbitrary code execution elevates the importance of timely mitigation.

Organizations should implement a multi-layered approach to mitigate this vulnerability. First, restrict the handling of 3DM files to trusted sources only, employing strict file validation and sandboxing techniques where possible. Use network segmentation to isolate systems running AutoCAD, limiting exposure if a compromise occurs. Monitor and audit AutoCAD process behavior for anomalies indicative of exploitation attempts, such as unexpected crashes or unusual memory usage patterns. Employ endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting heap-based buffer overflow exploitation techniques. Until an official patch is released, consider deploying application whitelisting and privilege restrictions to limit the ability of AutoCAD processes to execute arbitrary code or write to sensitive system areas. Educate users on the risks of opening unsolicited or unverified 3DM files, especially those received via email or external media. Finally, maintain regular backups of critical design files and system states to enable rapid recovery in case of an incident.