CVE-2025-0285VulnerabilityPublished 3 Mar 2025Updated 9 Sep 2025

CVE-2025-0285: Paragon Software Migrate OS to SSD · Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input

Affects Paragon Software Migrate OS to SSDSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 7.8 High.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 3.1 base score

7.8High

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 26% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector: Local
Attack Complexity: Low
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Local: The vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities. Either: the attacker exploits the vulnerability by accessing the target system locally (e.g., keyboard, console), or remotely (e.g., SSH); or the attacker relies on User Interaction by another person to perform actions required to exploit the vulnerability (e.g., tricking a legitimate user into opening a malicious document).
Attack Complexity: Low: Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker is authorized with (i.e., requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without any interaction from any user.
Scope: Unchanged: An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.
Confidentiality: High: There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact.
Integrity: High: There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability: High: There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v3.1 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 3 Mar 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Paragon Software Migrate OS to SSD	Affected =4	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

European organizations should immediately inventory their systems to identify installations of Paragon Software's 'Migrate OS to SSD' version 4. Until a patch is available, restrict local access to systems running this software to trusted personnel only and implement strict access controls and monitoring to detect unusual privilege escalation attempts. Employ application whitelisting and endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions capable of detecting anomalous kernel memory operations. Consider isolating or removing the vulnerable software from critical systems if feasible. Regularly audit logs for signs of exploitation attempts and educate users about the risks of local privilege escalation vulnerabilities. Once a patch is released, prioritize its deployment across all affected systems. Additionally, implement least privilege principles to minimize the impact of local exploits and segment networks to limit lateral movement opportunities.

Description

Various Paragon Software products contain an arbitrary kernel memory mapping vulnerability within biontdrv.sys that is caused by a failure to properly validate the length of user supplied data, which can allow an attacker to perform privilege escalation exploits.

Impact

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk, especially in environments where Paragon's 'Migrate OS to SSD' software is deployed for system migration or disk management tasks. The ability for an attacker to escalate privileges locally can lead to full system compromise, undermining confidentiality of sensitive data, integrity of system configurations, and availability of critical services. This is particularly concerning for sectors with strict data protection regulations such as finance, healthcare, and government institutions across Europe. Attackers could leverage this flaw to bypass security controls, implant persistent malware, or exfiltrate data. The lack of required user interaction and the low complexity of exploitation increase the likelihood of successful attacks in environments where local access is possible, including through insider threats or lateral movement after initial compromise. Additionally, since the vulnerability affects kernel-mode components, successful exploitation could destabilize systems, causing crashes or denial of service, impacting business continuity.

Summary

CVE-2025-0285 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting Paragon Software's 'Migrate OS to SSD' product, specifically version 4. The vulnerability resides in the kernel-mode driver component biontdrv.sys, where improper validation of the length of user-supplied data leads to an arbitrary kernel memory mapping flaw. This weakness is classified under CWE-1287, which relates to improper validation of specified input types. The core issue is that the driver fails to correctly verify the size of input data before using it in kernel memory operations, allowing an attacker with limited privileges (local access with low privileges) to escalate their privileges to system or kernel level. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 reflects a high severity, with the vector indicating that the attack requires local access (AV:L), low attack complexity (AC:L), and low privileges (PR:L), but no user interaction (UI:N). The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated high, meaning an attacker could gain full control over the system, potentially leading to data theft, system manipulation, or denial of service. No known exploits are currently reported in the wild, and no patches have been linked yet, indicating that organizations using this software are at risk until a fix is released. The vulnerability's exploitation does not require user interaction but does require local access, which limits remote exploitation but still poses a significant threat in environments where untrusted users have local access or where malware can execute code locally.

CWE-1287Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input (opens in a new tab)
Base weakness
The product receives input that is expected to be of a certain type, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input is actually of the expected type.
Implementation · Input Validation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
OWASP Cheat Sheets
XML Security (opens in a new tab)
Mass Assignment (opens in a new tab)
OWASP ASVS 4.0.3
V13.3.1 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.4 (opens in a new tab)
V5.1.3 (opens in a new tab)
From MITRE CWE, MITRE CAPEC and OWASP (Top 10, OpenCRE).

References

Community reviews

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 12 Sep 2025, 23:48 UTC

WeaknessesCWE-1287

Technical details

References

Community reviews

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