CVE-2025-0635 is a vulnerability identified in M-Files Server, a document management system widely used in enterprise environments. The flaw is categorized under CWE-770, which involves allocation of resources without proper limits or throttling. Specifically, in versions of M-Files Server prior to 25.1.14445.5, an unauthenticated attacker can trigger conditions that cause the server to consume excessive computing resources, such as CPU or memory. This resource exhaustion can lead to denial of service (DoS), impacting the availability of the server and its services. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring any authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.3 reflects a medium severity, considering the ease of exploitation and the impact on availability, while confidentiality and integrity remain unaffected. No public exploits or active exploitation have been reported to date. The root cause lies in the server's failure to enforce limits on resource allocation during certain operations, allowing attackers to overwhelm the system. This vulnerability underscores the need for robust resource management and throttling mechanisms in server applications to prevent abuse by unauthenticated actors.

The primary impact of CVE-2025-0635 is denial of service, which can disrupt business operations relying on M-Files Server for document management and collaboration. Organizations may experience degraded performance or complete service outages, affecting productivity and potentially delaying critical workflows. Since the vulnerability requires no authentication, attackers can launch attacks from external networks, increasing exposure. While confidentiality and integrity are not directly compromised, the availability impact can have cascading effects, such as loss of access to important documents and interruption of compliance-related processes. Enterprises with high dependency on M-Files Server, especially those in regulated industries or with remote workforces, face increased operational risk. Additionally, the lack of current known exploits provides a window for proactive mitigation before widespread attacks occur.

To mitigate CVE-2025-0635, organizations should promptly upgrade M-Files Server to version 25.1.14445.5 or later once the patch is released by the vendor. Until patching is possible, network-level controls such as rate limiting, IP reputation filtering, and firewall rules can help reduce exposure to unauthenticated attack attempts. Monitoring server resource usage and establishing alerts for unusual spikes can enable early detection of exploitation attempts. Implementing network segmentation to isolate M-Files Server from untrusted networks reduces attack surface. Additionally, reviewing and hardening server configurations to limit unnecessary services and applying the principle of least privilege for server access can further reduce risk. Engaging with M-Files support for guidance and staying informed on updates is recommended. Finally, incorporating resource throttling and input validation in custom integrations with M-Files Server can prevent inadvertent resource exhaustion.