VulnerabilityPublished 8 Sep 2025

CVE-2025-10091: Jinher OA · XML External Entity Reference

Affects Jinher OASource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 11:42 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 46% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 8 Sep 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
Jinher OA	Affected =1.0 =1.1 =1.2	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Immediate mitigation should include restricting external access to the vulnerable XML handler endpoint (/c6/Jhsoft.Web.projectmanage/ProjectManage/XmlHttp.aspx/?Type=add) through network segmentation, firewall rules, or VPN requirements to limit exposure.
Implement input validation and sanitization on XML inputs to disallow external entity declarations and references.
Disable XML external entity processing in the XML parser configuration used by Jinher OA, if configurable.
Monitor logs for unusual XML payloads or access patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint to detect potential exploitation attempts.
Engage with the vendor or community to obtain patches or updates addressing this vulnerability as soon as they become available.
Conduct internal audits to identify all instances of Jinher OA deployments and verify their versions to prioritize remediation.
Educate system administrators and security teams about the risks of XXE and the importance of secure XML processing practices.
Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block XXE attack patterns targeting this endpoint.

Description

A vulnerability has been found in Jinher OA up to 1.2. This affects an unknown function of the file /c6/Jhsoft.Web.projectmanage/ProjectManage/XmlHttp.aspx/?Type=add of the component XML Handler. The manipulation leads to xml external entity reference. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations using Jinher OA versions 1.0 through 1.2, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data access and potential disruption of internal project management workflows. Exploitation could allow attackers to read sensitive files on the server, perform server-side request forgery (SSRF), or cause denial of service conditions by manipulating XML processing. This could lead to leakage of confidential business information, intellectual property, or personal data protected under GDPR, resulting in regulatory penalties and reputational damage. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the vulnerability increases the attack surface, especially for organizations exposing the affected endpoint to the internet or accessible networks. Given that Jinher OA is used for office automation, the compromise of this system could also facilitate lateral movement within the corporate network, enabling further attacks on critical infrastructure or data stores. The medium severity rating reflects a moderate but tangible threat that should be addressed promptly to avoid escalation or chaining with other vulnerabilities.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 8 Sep 2025, 11:31 UTC

Technical details

References

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