CVE-2025-10471 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability identified in ZKEACMS version 4.3, specifically within the Proxy function of the MediaController.cs file. SSRF vulnerabilities occur when an attacker can manipulate server-side code to make HTTP requests to arbitrary domains or IP addresses, potentially accessing internal resources or services that are not directly exposed to the internet. In this case, the vulnerability arises from insufficient validation or sanitization of the 'url' argument passed to the Proxy function, allowing remote attackers to craft malicious requests that the server will execute. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without user interaction and requires low attack complexity, with no privileges needed, making it accessible to unauthenticated attackers. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.3 (medium severity), reflecting limited confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts, but with potential for information disclosure or internal network reconnaissance. Although no known exploits are currently active in the wild, the exploit code has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability does not require authentication and does not involve user interaction, which heightens the risk of automated attacks. The affected product, ZKEACMS, is a content management system used to manage website content, and exploitation of this SSRF could allow attackers to pivot into internal networks, access sensitive internal endpoints, or perform further attacks such as scanning internal services or exploiting other vulnerabilities behind firewalls. The lack of a patch link indicates that a fix may not yet be publicly available, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation steps.

For European organizations using ZKEACMS 4.3, this SSRF vulnerability poses a moderate risk. Attackers could leverage this flaw to access internal systems that are otherwise protected by network segmentation or firewalls, potentially exposing sensitive internal APIs, databases, or administrative interfaces. This could lead to unauthorized data access, information leakage, or serve as a foothold for further lateral movement within the network. Given the widespread use of CMS platforms in European public sector, healthcare, education, and private enterprises, exploitation could disrupt critical services or compromise sensitive data. The medium CVSS score suggests that while direct system compromise or data destruction is less likely, the SSRF could be a stepping stone for more severe attacks. Additionally, the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, especially against organizations that have not applied mitigations. The vulnerability's remote exploitability without authentication makes it particularly dangerous for internet-facing ZKEACMS instances. European organizations with strict data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR) could face compliance and reputational risks if internal data is exposed due to this vulnerability.

1. Immediate mitigation should include restricting access to the Proxy function by implementing strict input validation and sanitization on the 'url' parameter to allow only trusted and whitelisted domains or IP addresses. 2. Network-level controls such as egress filtering should be enforced to prevent the CMS server from making unauthorized outbound requests to internal or sensitive network segments. 3. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tuned to detect and block SSRF attack patterns targeting the Proxy endpoint. 4. Monitor logs for unusual outbound requests originating from the CMS server, especially to internal IP ranges or unexpected external domains. 5. If possible, disable or restrict the Proxy functionality until a vendor patch is available. 6. Segregate the CMS server in a network zone with limited access to internal resources to minimize potential impact. 7. Stay updated with vendor advisories and apply official patches promptly once released. 8. Conduct security assessments and penetration testing focused on SSRF and related vulnerabilities in the CMS environment to identify and remediate similar issues.