CVE-2025-10907 is an arbitrary file upload vulnerability categorized under CWE-434 affecting multiple versions of WSO2 API Manager from 3.1.0 to 4.5.0. The root cause is insufficient validation of uploaded file content and destination paths within the SOAP-based administrative services. An attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this flaw by uploading specially crafted files to locations controlled by the user within the deployment environment. This can lead to remote code execution (RCE) if the uploaded file is processed or executed by the server, potentially allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary commands, escalate privileges, or disrupt services. The vulnerability is exploitable only by authenticated users with high privileges (administrative access), and no user interaction is required. The CVSS v3.1 score is 8.4 (high), reflecting the vulnerability’s significant impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with low attack complexity and the requirement for privileged access. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild, the vulnerability poses a serious risk to organizations relying on WSO2 API Manager for API gateway and management functions. The lack of patch links suggests that a fix may be pending or recently released, emphasizing the need for vigilance. The vulnerability affects SOAP admin services, which are typically exposed internally or to trusted administrators, but improper network segmentation or credential compromise could increase exposure.

For European organizations, the impact of CVE-2025-10907 can be severe. WSO2 API Manager is widely used for managing APIs in enterprise environments, including financial institutions, telecommunications, government agencies, and critical infrastructure sectors. Successful exploitation could lead to full system compromise, data breaches, service disruption, and lateral movement within networks. Confidentiality is at risk as attackers may access sensitive data or credentials stored or processed by the API Manager. Integrity is compromised through unauthorized code execution, potentially allowing attackers to alter configurations or inject malicious code. Availability may be affected if attackers disrupt API services or deploy ransomware. Given the administrative access requirement, the threat is primarily from insider threats or attackers who have already breached perimeter defenses. However, the critical nature of API management in digital transformation and cloud-native architectures means that exploitation could have cascading effects on dependent applications and services across European enterprises.

1. Immediately restrict administrative access to the SOAP admin services to only trusted personnel and systems, using network segmentation and firewall rules. 2. Implement strict authentication and authorization controls, including multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrative accounts. 3. Monitor and audit all administrative activities and file upload operations for suspicious behavior or anomalies. 4. Apply vendor patches or updates as soon as they become available to address this vulnerability. 5. Use application-layer filtering or web application firewalls (WAFs) to detect and block malicious file uploads or unusual SOAP requests. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on API management components. 7. Educate administrators about the risks of arbitrary file uploads and enforce secure operational procedures. 8. Consider deploying runtime application self-protection (RASP) solutions to detect and prevent exploitation attempts in real time. 9. Maintain up-to-date backups and incident response plans to quickly recover from potential compromises.