CVE-2025-10907 is an arbitrary file upload vulnerability classified under CWE-434 affecting multiple versions of WSO2 API Manager (3.1.0 through 4.5.0). The root cause is insufficient validation of both the content and destination of files uploaded through the SOAP admin services. This flaw allows an attacker who already has administrative privileges on the affected SOAP services to upload specially crafted files to locations they control within the deployment environment. Because the uploaded files can be processed by the server, this can lead to remote code execution (RCE), enabling the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the API Manager service. The vulnerability is exploitable only by users with high privileges (administrative access), and no user interaction is required. The CVSS v3.1 score is 8.4 (high severity), reflecting the high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, combined with low attack complexity and the requirement for high privileges. No public exploits have been reported yet, but the potential for severe impact makes this a critical issue for organizations relying on WSO2 API Manager for API management and gateway functions.

For European organizations, exploitation of this vulnerability could result in full compromise of the API management infrastructure, leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data, disruption of API services, and potential lateral movement within the network. Given the critical role of API managers in digital transformation, cloud integration, and service orchestration, a successful attack could disrupt business operations, cause data breaches, and damage reputation. Industries such as finance, telecommunications, healthcare, and government agencies that rely heavily on WSO2 API Manager for secure API exposure are particularly at risk. The requirement for administrative access limits the attack surface but also means insider threats or compromised admin credentials could lead to severe consequences. The vulnerability could also be leveraged as a foothold for further attacks on enterprise networks.

Organizations should immediately audit and restrict administrative access to the SOAP admin services of WSO2 API Manager, ensuring that only trusted personnel have such privileges. Implement strong multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all administrative accounts to reduce the risk of credential compromise. Monitor and log all file upload activities and administrative actions for suspicious behavior. Apply the latest security patches and updates from WSO2 as soon as they become available, even though no patch links are currently provided, stay alert for vendor advisories. Employ network segmentation to isolate API management infrastructure from other critical systems. Consider deploying web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious file uploads. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on administrative interfaces. Finally, maintain an incident response plan that includes scenarios involving administrative credential compromise and remote code execution.