CVE-2025-11111 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in Campcodes Advanced Online Voting Management System version 1.0, located in the /admin/candidates_edit.php file. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the ID parameter, which can be manipulated remotely without authentication or user interaction. This allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code, potentially accessing or modifying sensitive election data stored in the backend database. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 6.9 (medium), reflecting the ease of remote exploitation (attack vector: network), no required privileges or user interaction, but limited impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (low to limited). The vulnerability does not require authentication, increasing its risk profile. While no active exploits have been observed in the wild, the public availability of exploit code significantly raises the threat level. The affected system is critical as it manages online voting processes, and exploitation could lead to data tampering, vote manipulation, or denial of service, undermining electoral integrity. No official patches have been released yet, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation through secure coding practices and access controls.

For European organizations, particularly electoral commissions or government entities using Campcodes Advanced Online Voting Management System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the integrity and trustworthiness of election processes. Exploitation could allow attackers to alter candidate information, manipulate vote counts, or access confidential voter data, potentially influencing election outcomes or causing reputational damage. The remote, unauthenticated nature of the vulnerability increases the likelihood of exploitation, especially given the public availability of exploit code. Disruption or data breaches in election management systems could lead to legal challenges, loss of public trust, and political instability. Additionally, organizations relying on this system for internal voting or decision-making could face operational disruptions and data integrity issues. The medium severity rating suggests a moderate but non-negligible risk, warranting immediate attention to prevent escalation or exploitation by threat actors targeting European electoral infrastructure.

1. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on all parameters, especially the ID parameter in /admin/candidates_edit.php, to prevent SQL injection. 2. Refactor the vulnerable code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to eliminate direct SQL concatenation. 3. Restrict access to the administrative interface via network segmentation, VPNs, or IP whitelisting to limit exposure. 4. Monitor logs for suspicious activities targeting the candidates_edit.php endpoint, including unusual parameter values or repeated access attempts. 5. Conduct a thorough security audit of the entire voting management system to identify and remediate other potential injection points. 6. Apply web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules targeting SQL injection patterns as a temporary protective measure. 7. Engage with the vendor for official patches or updates and plan for timely deployment once available. 8. Educate system administrators on secure configuration and incident response procedures related to election system compromises. 9. Consider implementing multi-factor authentication and enhanced logging for administrative actions to increase accountability and traceability.