CVE-2025-11188 identifies a blind SQL injection vulnerability in the nas-id parameter of Synchroweb's Kiwire Captive Portal version 3.6. Blind SQL injection occurs when an attacker can send malicious SQL queries to the database but does not receive direct query output, instead inferring results through application behavior changes. The nas-id parameter is improperly sanitized, allowing attackers to inject SQL commands that the backend database executes. This can lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion, compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the captive portal's database. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, increasing its risk profile. Although no public exploits are reported yet, the vulnerability's characteristics suggest it could be weaponized easily. The CVSS 3.1 score of 7.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) indicates network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction needed, and partial impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The captive portal is often used in public or enterprise Wi-Fi environments to control user access, making the backend database a valuable target for attackers seeking to extract sensitive user or network information or disrupt service. No patches are currently listed, emphasizing the need for immediate mitigation steps.

For European organizations, exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to captive portal databases, potentially exposing user credentials, network access logs, or other sensitive information. This could facilitate further attacks such as lateral movement within networks or data exfiltration. Integrity compromise could allow attackers to alter access controls or inject malicious data, disrupting network access policies. Availability impacts could result in denial of service to legitimate users, affecting business operations, especially in sectors relying on captive portals for customer or employee network access (e.g., hospitality, transportation, education). Given the network-exposed nature of captive portals, attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely, increasing the risk of widespread attacks. The lack of authentication requirements means any attacker with network access to the captive portal can attempt exploitation. European organizations with regulatory obligations under GDPR must consider the data breach implications and potential fines if personal data is compromised. The threat is particularly relevant for organizations deploying Synchroweb Kiwire version 3.6 in critical infrastructure or public-facing environments.

1. Immediate deployment of vendor patches once available is the most effective mitigation. Since no patches are currently listed, organizations should contact Synchroweb for updates or workarounds. 2. Implement strict input validation and sanitization on the nas-id parameter to prevent injection of SQL commands. Use parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code. 3. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the nas-id parameter. 4. Restrict network access to the captive portal management interfaces to trusted IP ranges and use network segmentation to isolate the captive portal backend from sensitive internal networks. 5. Monitor logs for unusual database query patterns or repeated failed access attempts that may indicate exploitation attempts. 6. Conduct regular security assessments and penetration testing focused on SQL injection vulnerabilities in captive portal components. 7. Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability to ensure rapid response and remediation. 8. Consider temporary disabling or restricting the nas-id parameter usage if feasible until a patch is available.