CVE-2025-11290 identifies a vulnerability in CRMEB, a customer relationship management and e-commerce platform, specifically affecting versions 5.6.0 and 5.6.1. The issue resides in the JWT HMAC Secret Handler component, where the cryptographic key used for signing JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) is hard-coded and defaults to a known static value when the secret argument is set to 'default'. This design flaw undermines the cryptographic integrity of JWTs, allowing attackers to potentially forge tokens or bypass authentication controls remotely without requiring user interaction or privileges. The vulnerability is exploitable over the network but is considered difficult due to the complexity of manipulating the JWT signing process and the need to correctly craft tokens using the known key. The vendor was notified but has not issued a patch or response, and no public exploits have been observed in the wild yet. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector, high attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability individually, but combined they present a medium overall risk. This vulnerability could allow unauthorized access to protected resources or impersonation of legitimate users, threatening the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data managed by CRMEB platforms.

For European organizations, the vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized access and token forgery in CRMEB deployments, potentially leading to data breaches, unauthorized transactions, or manipulation of customer information. Organizations relying on CRMEB for critical business functions such as customer management, e-commerce, or internal workflows may face confidentiality and integrity compromises. The remote exploitability without authentication increases the attack surface, especially for internet-facing CRMEB instances. While the exploit complexity is high, skilled attackers could leverage the publicly known hard-coded key to bypass authentication controls. This could result in reputational damage, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), and financial losses. The absence of vendor response and patches prolongs exposure, increasing risk over time. European companies with large customer bases or sensitive personal data are particularly vulnerable to exploitation and subsequent data theft or fraud.

Immediate mitigation involves auditing CRMEB configurations to identify any use of default or hard-coded JWT secrets. Organizations should replace the default secret with a strong, unique cryptographic key managed securely outside the application code. If possible, disable JWT authentication temporarily or restrict access to CRMEB interfaces via network segmentation and firewall rules to limit exposure. Monitor logs for suspicious JWT token usage or authentication anomalies. Since no official patch is available, consider applying custom patches or security wrappers that enforce dynamic secret management. Engage with CRMEB vendors or community forums to track patch releases or security advisories. Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) on CRMEB access points to reduce risk from token forgery. Regularly update and audit all dependencies and monitor threat intelligence feeds for emerging exploit techniques related to this vulnerability.