CVE-2025-11362 is a vulnerability identified in the pdfmake library, a popular JavaScript tool used for generating PDF documents client-side or server-side. Versions prior to 0.3.0-beta.17 are susceptible to an uncontrolled allocation of resources caused by the lack of limits or throttling when embedding files via URLs. Specifically, an attacker can craft input that triggers repeated URL redirections during the file embedding process. This leads to excessive consumption of memory and CPU resources, ultimately causing the application to crash or become unresponsive. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring any authentication or user interaction, as indicated by the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). The impact primarily affects availability, with a high CVSS score of 8.7 reflecting the severity. Although no known exploits have been reported in the wild, the potential for denial-of-service attacks is significant, especially in environments where pdfmake is used to dynamically generate PDFs from user-supplied data or external URLs. The vulnerability arises from insufficient input validation and lack of resource management controls within the pdfmake codebase. The absence of patch links suggests that users must upgrade to at least version 0.3.0-beta.17, where the issue is presumably fixed. Organizations relying on pdfmake for document generation should assess their exposure and apply mitigations promptly.

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a substantial risk to the availability of services that rely on pdfmake for PDF generation, including web applications, reporting tools, and automated document workflows. An attacker exploiting this flaw can cause denial-of-service conditions by exhausting server or client resources, leading to application crashes or unresponsiveness. This can disrupt business operations, degrade user experience, and potentially impact critical services such as financial reporting, legal document generation, or customer communications. The lack of authentication or user interaction requirements increases the attack surface, making it easier for attackers to launch automated attacks at scale. Organizations in sectors with high reliance on dynamic PDF generation, such as finance, legal, government, and software development, are particularly vulnerable. Additionally, the vulnerability could be leveraged as part of a multi-stage attack to distract or disable defenses while other malicious activities occur. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as public disclosure may prompt attackers to develop exploits.

To mitigate CVE-2025-11362, organizations should immediately upgrade pdfmake to version 0.3.0-beta.17 or later, where the vulnerability has been addressed. If upgrading is not immediately feasible, implement strict input validation to sanitize and restrict URLs used in file embedding, preventing malicious redirection loops. Employ rate limiting and resource usage monitoring on services that utilize pdfmake to detect and block abnormal consumption patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. Consider isolating PDF generation processes in sandboxed environments or containers with resource limits to contain potential crashes. Review application logic to avoid embedding untrusted or user-supplied URLs without verification. Additionally, maintain up-to-date logging and alerting mechanisms to identify denial-of-service symptoms early. Engage with software vendors or maintainers for patches and security advisories. Finally, conduct security awareness training for developers to recognize and remediate similar resource exhaustion vulnerabilities in third-party libraries.