CVE-2025-11405 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in SourceCodester Hotel and Lodge Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /del_tax.php script. The vulnerability is triggered by manipulation of the 'ID' parameter, which is not properly sanitized before being used in SQL queries. This flaw allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands, potentially enabling unauthorized access to or modification of the backend database. The attack vector requires no user interaction or authentication, making it remotely exploitable over the network. The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.3 (medium) reflects that while the attack is straightforward due to low complexity and no privileges required, the impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is limited to partial compromise rather than full system takeover. No patches or official fixes have been published yet, and although no active exploitation has been reported, a public exploit is available, increasing the risk of future attacks. The vulnerability primarily threatens the data integrity and confidentiality of hotel management systems, potentially exposing sensitive customer and financial data. The lack of scope change indicates the vulnerability affects only the vulnerable component without spreading to other system parts. The vulnerability's presence in a hospitality management system makes it a target for attackers seeking financial or personal data from hotel operations.

For European organizations, especially those in the hospitality sector using SourceCodester Hotel and Lodge Management System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data access and manipulation. Attackers could extract sensitive customer information, financial records, or modify tax-related data, leading to financial loss, reputational damage, and regulatory non-compliance under GDPR. The partial compromise of data integrity and confidentiality could disrupt business operations and erode customer trust. Since the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication, attackers can launch attacks from anywhere, increasing the threat surface. The availability impact is limited but could occur if attackers execute destructive SQL commands. The medium severity indicates that while the threat is significant, it is not critical, but organizations with high-value data or regulatory exposure should prioritize remediation. The lack of known active exploitation reduces immediate risk but the public exploit availability necessitates proactive defense. European hospitality businesses often handle large volumes of personal data, making them attractive targets for data theft or fraud facilitated by this vulnerability.

Organizations should immediately audit their use of SourceCodester Hotel and Lodge Management System version 1.0 and identify if the vulnerable /del_tax.php script is in use. Since no official patch is currently available, implement the following mitigations: 1) Apply strict input validation and sanitization on the 'ID' parameter to reject or properly escape malicious input. 2) Refactor the code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. 3) Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary, preventing unauthorized data modification or extraction. 4) Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint. 5) Monitor logs for suspicious activity related to /del_tax.php and unusual database queries. 6) Consider isolating or disabling the vulnerable functionality if not critical to operations until a patch is released. 7) Educate IT and security teams about this vulnerability and ensure rapid incident response capability. 8) Engage with the vendor or community for updates or patches and plan for timely application once available. These steps go beyond generic advice by focusing on immediate code-level and operational controls specific to this vulnerability and product.