VulnerabilityPublished 7 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-11406: kaifangqian-base · Information Disclosure

Affects kaifangqian-baseSource CVE Database V5

Public exploit available · CVSS 5.3 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 14:05 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

5.3Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 17% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: Low
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: None
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: Low: The attacker requires privileges that provide basic capabilities that are typically limited to settings and resources owned by a single low-privileged user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 7 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: evidence found.
CVSS exploit maturity: proof of concept public
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), CVSS vector, the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 26 Oct 2026.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC or the CVSS exploit maturity reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

AI-suggested

Restrict network access to the getAllUsers endpoint by implementing firewall rules or network segmentation to limit exposure to trusted internal networks only.
Deploy web application firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block suspicious requests targeting the vulnerable function.
Conduct thorough code reviews and implement proper access control checks in the getAllUsers method to ensure only authorized users can retrieve user data.
Monitor application logs and network traffic for unusual access patterns or repeated requests to the vulnerable endpoint.
If possible, upgrade or patch the kaifangqian-base software once a fix is available; in the meantime, consider disabling or restricting the vulnerable functionality.
Implement strong authentication and authorization mechanisms around user data endpoints to prevent unauthorized access.
Educate security teams about this vulnerability and the availability of public exploits to enhance detection and response readiness.
Maintain an inventory of all kaifangqian-base deployments to identify and prioritize remediation efforts effectively.

Description

A security flaw has been discovered in kaifangqian kaifangqian-base up to 7b3faecda13848b3ced6c17c7423b76c5b47b8ab. This issue affects the function getAllUsers of the file kaifangqian-parent/kaifangqian-system/src/main/java/com/kaifangqian/modules/system/controller/SysUserController.java. The manipulation results in information disclosure. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable.

Impact

For European organizations, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality of user data managed by kaifangqian-base. Unauthorized disclosure of user information can lead to privacy breaches, regulatory non-compliance (e.g., GDPR violations), reputational damage, and potential secondary attacks such as phishing or credential stuffing. Sectors handling sensitive personal or corporate data, including finance, healthcare, and government, are particularly vulnerable. The ease of remote exploitation without authentication increases the threat level, as attackers can operate anonymously from anywhere. The lack of versioning complicates patch management and vulnerability tracking, potentially prolonging exposure. While the vulnerability does not directly impact system availability or integrity, the indirect consequences of data leakage can disrupt business operations and erode trust. European entities must consider the legal and operational ramifications of such information disclosure, especially under stringent data protection laws.

Summary

CVE-2025-11406 is an information disclosure vulnerability found in the kaifangqian-base software, specifically in the getAllUsers function within the SysUserController.java file. This flaw allows remote attackers to retrieve sensitive user information by exploiting the function without requiring authentication or user interaction. The vulnerability arises from improper access control or insufficient validation in the getAllUsers method, which exposes user data that should be protected. The attack vector is network-based with low complexity, meaning an attacker can remotely exploit the issue without needing special privileges or user involvement. The product does not use versioning, making it difficult to determine which deployments are affected beyond the identified commit hash. Although no active exploitation in the wild is reported, the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of attacks. The CVSS 4.0 score of 5.3 reflects a medium severity level, primarily due to the confidentiality impact and ease of exploitation. The vulnerability does not affect system integrity or availability, nor does it require user interaction, which simplifies exploitation. Organizations using kaifangqian-base should assess their exposure, as sensitive user data leakage can lead to privacy violations, compliance issues, and potential further attacks leveraging disclosed information.

References

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