CVE-2025-11410 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in Campcodes Advanced Online Voting Management System version 1.0, specifically within the /admin/voters_add.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'firstname' parameter, which is susceptible to malicious SQL payloads. An attacker can remotely exploit this flaw without requiring authentication or user interaction, enabling them to inject arbitrary SQL commands into the backend database. This could lead to unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or deletion of voter records, undermining the integrity and confidentiality of the voting process. The vulnerability is classified as medium severity with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.3, reflecting its remote exploitability and potential impact on data confidentiality, integrity, and availability, albeit with limited scope and no privilege escalation. While no known active exploitation has been reported, the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of future attacks. The vulnerability may also affect other parameters beyond 'firstname', suggesting a broader input validation weakness. The lack of vendor patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate mitigation efforts by affected organizations. This vulnerability is particularly critical in the context of online voting systems, where data integrity and availability are paramount to democratic processes.

For European organizations, especially electoral commissions and government bodies using Campcodes Advanced Online Voting Management System, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of voter data. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive voter information, manipulation of voter records, or disruption of the voting process, potentially undermining public trust in electoral outcomes. Given the remote and unauthenticated nature of the attack, threat actors could operate from outside the organization or country, increasing the risk of foreign interference. The impact extends beyond data loss to potential reputational damage and legal consequences under GDPR due to exposure of personal data. Additionally, disruption or manipulation of election data could have serious political ramifications in European democracies. Organizations relying on this system without timely mitigation may face operational disruptions during critical election periods. The medium severity indicates a moderate but actionable threat that requires prompt attention to avoid escalation or exploitation by advanced persistent threats targeting electoral infrastructure.

1. Immediately implement input validation and sanitization on all user-supplied parameters, especially 'firstname' and other form inputs in /admin/voters_add.php, to prevent SQL injection. 2. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to eliminate direct concatenation of user inputs into SQL commands. 3. Restrict access to the administrative interface (/admin/) using network-level controls such as VPNs, IP whitelisting, or multi-factor authentication to reduce exposure. 4. Conduct a thorough code review and security audit of the entire application to identify and remediate similar injection flaws in other parameters or modules. 5. Monitor application logs and database activity for unusual queries or access patterns indicative of exploitation attempts. 6. If vendor patches become available, prioritize their deployment in test and production environments. 7. Consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules tailored to detect and block SQL injection payloads targeting this system. 8. Educate system administrators and developers on secure coding practices and the importance of regular security assessments for election-related software. 9. Develop and test incident response plans specific to electoral system compromises to ensure rapid containment and recovery. 10. Engage with national cybersecurity agencies for threat intelligence sharing and coordinated defense efforts.