CVE-2025-11418 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability identified in the Tenda CH22 router firmware versions 1.0.0.0 and 1.0.0.1. The vulnerability resides in the HTTP request handler component, specifically within the formWrlsafeset function located at /goform/AdvSetWrlsafeset. The issue arises from improper handling of the mit_ssid_index argument, which when manipulated by an attacker, causes a stack-based buffer overflow. This flaw allows remote attackers to send specially crafted HTTP requests to the device, triggering the overflow without requiring any authentication or user interaction. The overflow can lead to arbitrary code execution, potentially allowing attackers to take full control of the device, disrupt network operations, or exfiltrate sensitive information. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.3, reflecting its critical severity with network attack vector, low attack complexity, no privileges or user interaction required, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Although no exploits have been reported in the wild yet, the public disclosure of the vulnerability increases the risk of exploitation by threat actors. The affected component is critical for wireless security settings, making the vulnerability particularly dangerous in network environments relying on these routers for connectivity and security enforcement.

The impact of CVE-2025-11418 is severe for organizations using Tenda CH22 routers. Successful exploitation can lead to full compromise of the affected device, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely. This can result in unauthorized access to internal networks, interception or manipulation of network traffic, disruption of network availability, and potential pivoting to other internal systems. The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of network communications are all at risk. For enterprises, this could mean data breaches, loss of control over network infrastructure, and operational downtime. Small and medium businesses relying on these routers for wireless connectivity may face significant security and operational challenges. The lack of authentication and user interaction requirements lowers the barrier for attackers, increasing the likelihood of exploitation once an exploit becomes available. The vulnerability also poses risks to home users who may be unaware of the threat, potentially turning their devices into attack vectors for broader campaigns.

To mitigate CVE-2025-11418, organizations should immediately check for firmware updates from Tenda addressing this vulnerability and apply them as soon as they become available. In the absence of official patches, network administrators should restrict access to the router’s management interface by implementing network segmentation and firewall rules to limit HTTP access only to trusted management stations. Disabling remote management features on the affected devices can reduce exposure. Monitoring network traffic for unusual HTTP requests targeting /goform/AdvSetWrlsafeset or suspicious activity related to mit_ssid_index parameters can help detect exploitation attempts. Employing intrusion detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS) with signatures for this vulnerability may provide additional protection. Regularly auditing and inventorying network devices to identify the presence of Tenda CH22 routers is critical for targeted remediation. Finally, educating users about the risks and encouraging timely updates will help reduce the attack surface.