CVE-2025-11433 is a cross-site scripting vulnerability identified in the itsourcecode Leave Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability resides in the redirect function within the /module/employee/controller.php file, specifically when the action parameter is set to reset. The issue arises from improper handling and sanitization of the ID query parameter, which allows an attacker to inject malicious JavaScript code. When a victim user accesses a crafted URL containing the malicious payload, the injected script executes in the context of the user's browser session. This can lead to theft of session cookies, unauthorized actions performed on behalf of the user, or redirection to malicious sites. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication, but it does require user interaction, such as clicking on a malicious link. The CVSS 4.0 base score is 5.1, reflecting medium severity, with attack vector as network, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and user interaction needed. Although no active exploits have been reported in the wild, a public exploit has been released, increasing the likelihood of exploitation attempts. The lack of vendor patches or official remediation guidance at this time necessitates immediate attention from affected organizations. The vulnerability impacts confidentiality and integrity but does not affect availability. The Leave Management System is typically used by HR departments to manage employee leave requests, making it a critical internal application that may contain sensitive employee data. The exposure of such data or session hijacking could lead to broader organizational security risks.

For European organizations, exploitation of this XSS vulnerability could result in unauthorized access to employee leave data, session hijacking, and potential lateral movement within internal networks if attackers leverage stolen credentials. Confidentiality of personal employee information could be compromised, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, leading to legal and financial repercussions. Integrity of leave records could be undermined, affecting HR operations and trust in internal systems. If the Leave Management System is accessible externally or via intranet portals, attackers could target a wide range of users, increasing the attack surface. Public sector organizations and large enterprises with extensive employee bases are particularly at risk due to the volume of sensitive data processed. Additionally, successful exploitation could serve as a foothold for further attacks against corporate infrastructure. The medium severity score indicates moderate risk, but the availability of a public exploit elevates urgency. Failure to address this vulnerability could result in reputational damage and regulatory penalties for European organizations.

Organizations should immediately audit their deployment of the itsourcecode Leave Management System version 1.0 to identify affected instances. Since no official patch is currently available, implement input validation and sanitization on the ID parameter at the web application firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy level to block malicious payloads. Deploy Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to restrict the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Educate users about the risks of clicking unknown or suspicious links, especially those related to internal HR systems. Monitor logs for unusual URL requests containing suspicious query parameters. If feasible, isolate the Leave Management System behind VPN or internal network access controls to reduce exposure. Engage with the vendor for patch release timelines and apply updates promptly once available. Consider implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) to reduce the impact of session hijacking. Regularly review and update security configurations and conduct penetration testing to detect similar vulnerabilities.