CVE-2025-11480 is a SQL injection vulnerability identified in SourceCodester Simple E-Commerce Bookstore version 1.0. The vulnerability resides in the /register.php script, specifically in the handling of the register_username parameter. An attacker can remotely send crafted input to this parameter to manipulate SQL queries executed by the application. This manipulation can lead to unauthorized access or modification of the underlying database, potentially exposing sensitive user data or allowing further compromise of the system. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, making it accessible to any remote attacker. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). Although no confirmed exploits are reported in the wild, the public availability of exploit code increases the risk of exploitation. The lack of vendor patches at the time of publication necessitates immediate defensive measures. This vulnerability is particularly concerning for e-commerce platforms that handle sensitive customer information and payment data, as exploitation could lead to data breaches, fraud, or service disruption.

For European organizations using SourceCodester Simple E-Commerce Bookstore 1.0, this vulnerability poses a risk of unauthorized data access, including customer personal information and transactional data. Exploitation could lead to data breaches, damaging customer trust and resulting in regulatory penalties under GDPR. Additionally, attackers could modify or delete data, impacting the integrity and availability of e-commerce services, potentially causing financial loss and reputational damage. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the vulnerability increases the attack surface, making it easier for threat actors to exploit without insider access. Given the critical role of e-commerce in many European economies, especially in countries with large online retail sectors, the impact could be significant if exploited at scale. Furthermore, compromised systems could be leveraged for further attacks within organizational networks or used as a foothold for broader cybercrime activities.

1. Apply official patches or updates from SourceCodester as soon as they become available to address the vulnerability directly. 2. In the absence of patches, implement immediate input validation and sanitization on the register_username parameter to block malicious SQL payloads. 3. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent SQL injection. 4. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of a successful injection. 5. Monitor web server and database logs for unusual queries or repeated failed attempts targeting the register_username parameter. 6. Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with rules specifically designed to detect and block SQL injection attempts against /register.php. 7. Conduct regular security assessments and code reviews focusing on input handling and database interactions. 8. Educate development teams on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future releases.