CVE-2025-11515 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the code-projects Online Complaint Site version 1.0, specifically within the /cms/users/register-complaint.php script. The vulnerability arises from improper sanitization of the 'cid' parameter, which is used in SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization. This allows remote attackers to inject malicious SQL code by manipulating the 'cid' argument, potentially leading to unauthorized access to the backend database. The attack vector is network-based (AV:N), requires low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:L) but some limited privileges are needed, and no user interaction (UI:N). The vulnerability affects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system but with limited scope and impact (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation, although no active exploitation has been reported yet. The vulnerability does not require authentication or user interaction, making it more accessible to attackers. The lack of a patch or official fix at the time of publication increases exposure. This vulnerability is typical of SQL injection flaws where input parameters are not properly sanitized, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands, potentially extracting sensitive data, modifying records, or disrupting service availability.

For European organizations, especially those in public administration, customer service, or complaint management sectors using the affected Online Complaint Site software, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive personal data, violating GDPR and other data protection regulations, resulting in legal and financial penalties. Integrity of complaint records could be compromised, undermining trust and operational effectiveness. Availability could also be affected if attackers execute destructive SQL commands or cause database corruption. The medium severity rating reflects moderate impact potential, but the public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of attacks. Organizations with limited security controls or outdated software are particularly vulnerable. The breach of confidentiality and integrity could have reputational damage and operational disruption, especially for government agencies or consumer-facing services in Europe.

To mitigate CVE-2025-11515, organizations should immediately implement input validation and sanitization for the 'cid' parameter in the /cms/users/register-complaint.php script. Employ parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. Conduct a thorough code review of all input handling in the application to identify and remediate similar vulnerabilities. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit potential damage from exploitation. Monitor logs for suspicious SQL activity or unusual access patterns. If possible, isolate the affected system from critical networks until patched. Apply web application firewalls (WAFs) with rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting this parameter. Educate developers on secure coding practices to prevent recurrence. Since no official patch is available, consider temporary compensating controls such as disabling the vulnerable functionality or restricting access to trusted IPs. Regularly update and patch the software once a vendor fix is released.