CVE-2025-11530 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the code-projects Online Complaint Site version 1.0, specifically within the /cms/admin/state.php file. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation on the 'state' parameter, which is manipulated to inject arbitrary SQL commands. This flaw allows remote attackers to execute unauthorized SQL queries against the backend database without requiring authentication or user interaction, increasing the attack surface. The vulnerability's CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:L - low privileges), no user interaction (UI:N), and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The exploit code has been publicly released, though no active exploitation has been reported yet. The vulnerability can lead to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion, potentially compromising sensitive complaint data and disrupting complaint management services. The lack of patches or vendor advisories necessitates immediate defensive measures. The vulnerability is significant for organizations relying on this software for complaint handling, especially in public sector or customer service contexts. The attack vector being remote and unauthenticated increases the urgency of mitigation.

For European organizations, exploitation of this SQL injection vulnerability could result in unauthorized access to sensitive complaint data, including personal information of complainants, potentially violating GDPR and other privacy regulations. Data integrity could be compromised by unauthorized modification or deletion of complaint records, undermining trust in complaint resolution processes. Availability of the complaint management system could also be affected, disrupting critical public or private sector services. Organizations handling large volumes of citizen or customer complaints are particularly at risk, as data breaches could lead to reputational damage and regulatory penalties. The medium severity suggests moderate but tangible risks, especially if attackers leverage the vulnerability to pivot into broader network compromise. The public availability of exploit code increases the likelihood of opportunistic attacks, making timely mitigation essential to protect European entities.

1. Immediately implement strict input validation and sanitization on the 'state' parameter in /cms/admin/state.php to prevent SQL injection. 2. Refactor database queries to use parameterized statements or prepared queries, eliminating direct concatenation of user inputs. 3. Restrict access to the /cms/admin/ directory via network-level controls such as IP whitelisting or VPN access to limit exposure. 4. Monitor web server and database logs for unusual query patterns or error messages indicative of injection attempts. 5. Conduct a comprehensive security audit of the entire application to identify and remediate similar injection flaws. 6. If possible, upgrade to a patched or newer version of the software once available, or consider alternative complaint management solutions with stronger security postures. 7. Educate administrators on the risks of SQL injection and enforce the principle of least privilege on database accounts used by the application. 8. Employ Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with SQL injection detection rules as an interim protective measure. 9. Regularly back up complaint data and test restoration procedures to mitigate impact of potential data corruption or deletion.