CVE-2025-11551 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the Student Result Manager version 1.0 developed by code-projects. The vulnerability resides in the source file src/students/Database.java, where input parameters such as roll, name, or gpa are improperly handled, allowing an attacker to inject malicious SQL code. This injection flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate backend database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or deletion. The vulnerability does not require user interaction or elevated privileges, making it easier to exploit remotely. The CVSS 4.0 vector indicates network attack vector (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privileges required (PR:L), no user interaction (UI:N), and low impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (VC:L, VI:L, VA:L). The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed but no known exploits are currently active in the wild. The absence of patches or updates suggests that affected users must implement manual mitigations. The flaw likely stems from concatenating user inputs directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or use of parameterized statements, a common cause of SQL injection. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to the confidentiality and integrity of student records managed by the application, potentially exposing sensitive personal and academic information to attackers.

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions using the Student Result Manager software, this vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive student data, including personal identifiers and academic records. Attackers exploiting this flaw could alter grades, delete records, or exfiltrate confidential information, undermining data integrity and privacy compliance obligations such as GDPR. The remote exploitability without user interaction increases the risk of automated attacks and widespread compromise. Although the product appears niche, any institution relying on it for student data management faces reputational damage, regulatory penalties, and operational disruption if exploited. The medium CVSS score reflects moderate impact, but the actual damage could escalate depending on the database contents and network segmentation. The lack of known exploits in the wild currently limits immediate risk, but public disclosure raises the likelihood of future attacks. Organizations must assess their exposure and prioritize remediation to prevent data breaches and maintain trust.

1. Conduct an immediate code audit focusing on the src/students/Database.java file to identify and isolate vulnerable SQL query constructions. 2. Refactor all database access code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements to eliminate direct concatenation of user inputs. 3. Implement strict input validation and sanitization for all parameters, especially roll, name, and gpa fields, enforcing type, length, and format constraints. 4. Restrict database user permissions to the minimum necessary to limit the impact of potential exploitation. 5. Monitor application logs and database access patterns for unusual queries or anomalies indicative of SQL injection attempts. 6. If possible, deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with SQL injection detection rules tailored to the application’s query patterns. 7. Engage with the vendor or development community to obtain or develop official patches or updates addressing this vulnerability. 8. Educate developers and administrators on secure coding practices to prevent similar vulnerabilities in future releases. 9. Isolate or segment the application environment to limit lateral movement in case of compromise. 10. Prepare incident response plans specific to data breaches involving student data to ensure rapid containment and notification.