CVE-2025-11609 identifies a vulnerability in the code-projects Hospital Management System version 1.0, specifically within the express-session component's session function. The issue arises from the use of a hard-coded cryptographic key as the session secret, which is a critical security misconfiguration. This hard-coded secret can be manipulated remotely by an attacker, potentially allowing them to predict or forge session tokens. Such manipulation undermines the confidentiality and integrity of user sessions, potentially enabling session hijacking or impersonation attacks. The vulnerability has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 6.3, indicating medium severity. The vector metrics show that the attack can be performed remotely without authentication or user interaction, but the attack complexity is high, making exploitation difficult. No known exploits are currently active in the wild, but the exploit code has been published, increasing the risk of future attacks. The flaw is rooted in insecure cryptographic practices, specifically the reuse of static keys rather than dynamically generated secrets, violating best practices for session management. This vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, and no official patches have been linked yet. The exposure of session secrets can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive healthcare data and disruption of hospital management operations.

For European organizations, especially those in the healthcare sector, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to patient data confidentiality and system integrity. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to hijack or forge user sessions, potentially gaining unauthorized access to sensitive medical records, appointment schedules, or administrative controls. This could lead to data breaches, privacy violations under GDPR, and operational disruptions in hospital environments. The medium severity rating reflects the balance between the potential impact and the difficulty of exploitation. However, given the critical nature of healthcare data and the regulatory environment in Europe, even medium-severity vulnerabilities warrant urgent attention. The lack of authentication requirement means that attackers can attempt exploitation without prior access, increasing exposure. Although no known exploits are currently active, the public disclosure of exploit code increases the risk of targeted attacks against vulnerable European healthcare providers using this system.

Organizations should immediately audit their deployment of code-projects Hospital Management System version 1.0 to determine exposure. Since no official patch is currently available, administrators must manually replace the hard-coded cryptographic keys in the express-session configuration with securely generated, unique secrets for each deployment. This can be done by generating high-entropy random keys using secure cryptographic libraries and updating the session secret configuration accordingly. Additionally, organizations should implement strict access controls and monitoring around session management components to detect anomalous session activity. Network-level protections such as Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) can help detect and block suspicious session manipulation attempts. Regularly updating to newer, patched versions of the software once released is critical. Finally, conducting security awareness training for IT staff on secure session management and cryptographic best practices will help prevent similar issues in the future.