CVE-2025-11736VulnerabilityPublished 14 Oct 2025

CVE-2025-11736: itsourcecode Online Examination System · SQL Injection

Affects itsourcecode Online Examination SystemSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 6.9 Medium.

Data as of 25 Oct 2026, 19:02 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

6.9Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 39% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: None
User Interaction: None
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: Low
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: None: The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.
User Interaction: None: The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any human user, other than the attacker.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: Low: There is some loss of confidentiality. Access to some restricted information is obtained, but the attacker does not have control over what information is obtained, or the amount or kind of loss is limited. The information disclosure does not cause a direct, serious loss to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: Low: Performance is reduced or there are interruptions in resource availability. Even if repeated exploitation of the vulnerability is possible, the attacker does not have the ability to completely deny service to legitimate users. The resources in the Vulnerable System are either partially available all of the time, or fully available only some of the time, but overall there is no direct, serious consequence to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 14 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-25.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
itsourcecode Online Examination System	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

Immediate mitigation steps include implementing strict input validation and sanitization on the Username parameter within /index.php, preferably by adopting parameterized queries or prepared statements to prevent SQL injection. If source code modification is not immediately feasible, deploying a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with rules targeting SQL injection patterns can provide temporary protection. Organizations should monitor database logs for suspicious queries and unusual activity indicative of exploitation attempts. Restricting database user permissions to the minimum necessary can limit the impact of a successful injection. Regular backups of examination data should be maintained to enable recovery from data tampering or loss. It is critical to engage with the vendor for official patches or updates and apply them promptly once available. Additionally, conducting security audits and penetration testing on the examination system can help identify other potential vulnerabilities. Awareness training for IT staff on this vulnerability and its risks will improve incident response readiness.

Description

A flaw has been found in itsourcecode Online Examination System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php. This manipulation of the argument Username causes sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.

Impact

For European organizations, particularly educational institutions and certification bodies using the itsourcecode Online Examination System 1.0, this vulnerability poses a significant risk. Exploitation could lead to unauthorized disclosure of sensitive student data, exam content, and results, undermining privacy and data protection obligations under GDPR. Integrity of examination data could be compromised, leading to fraudulent results or disruption of academic processes. Availability impacts could disrupt examination schedules, causing operational delays. The reputational damage from a breach could be severe, affecting trust in educational institutions. Additionally, regulatory penalties could arise from failure to protect personal data. The remote and unauthenticated nature of the exploit increases the likelihood of attacks, especially if threat actors target education sectors. Organizations relying on this software must assess their exposure and implement mitigations swiftly to avoid data breaches and operational disruptions.

Summary

CVE-2025-11736 identifies a SQL injection vulnerability in the itsourcecode Online Examination System version 1.0, specifically in the /index.php file's handling of the Username parameter. This vulnerability arises because the application fails to properly sanitize or parameterize user input, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL commands remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. The attack vector is network-based, with low complexity, meaning an attacker can exploit it with minimal effort. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data stored in the backend database, including potentially exam results, user credentials, or other confidential information. Additionally, attackers could alter data integrity by modifying or deleting records, or impact availability by executing destructive queries. The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 reflects a medium severity, considering the partial impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and the lack of required privileges or user interaction. No official patches or fixes have been published yet, and while no known exploits are reported in the wild, the public disclosure increases the risk of exploitation. The vulnerability affects only version 1.0 of the product, which may limit exposure depending on the deployment footprint. However, given the critical nature of examination systems in educational environments, exploitation could have significant operational and reputational consequences.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 14 Oct 2025, 17:51 UTC

Technical details

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