CVE-2025-12193 is a reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in the Mang Board WP plugin for WordPress, maintained by kitae-park. This vulnerability affects all versions up to and including 2.3.1. The root cause is insufficient sanitization and escaping of user-supplied input in the 'mp' URL parameter during web page generation. An attacker can craft a malicious URL containing a script payload in the 'mp' parameter, which, when clicked by a victim, causes the injected script to execute in the victim's browser context. This type of vulnerability is classified under CWE-79, which involves improper neutralization of input during web page generation. The vulnerability does not require authentication, making it accessible to any remote attacker. The CVSS v3.1 base score is 6.1, indicating medium severity, with the vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N. This means the attack is network-based, requires low attack complexity, no privileges, but does require user interaction (clicking the malicious link). The scope is changed (S:C), indicating the vulnerability affects resources beyond the vulnerable component, potentially impacting user session data or other site content. The confidentiality and integrity impacts are low, while availability is not affected. No known exploits have been reported in the wild to date. The vulnerability poses risks such as session hijacking, theft of sensitive information, or defacement of web content, which can undermine user trust and site integrity. Since Mang Board WP is a plugin for WordPress, a widely used CMS, the exposure is significant wherever this plugin is deployed.

For European organizations, the impact of this vulnerability can be significant, particularly for those operating public-facing WordPress sites using the Mang Board WP plugin. Successful exploitation can lead to session hijacking, enabling attackers to impersonate legitimate users, potentially accessing sensitive data or performing unauthorized actions. It can also facilitate phishing attacks by injecting malicious scripts that alter site content or redirect users to fraudulent sites. Although availability is not impacted, the confidentiality and integrity breaches can damage organizational reputation, lead to data leakage, and cause compliance issues under regulations like GDPR. Organizations in sectors such as e-commerce, government, education, and media, which often rely on WordPress for content management, are particularly at risk. The requirement for user interaction (clicking a malicious link) means phishing campaigns could be a common attack vector. The absence of known exploits in the wild currently reduces immediate risk but does not eliminate the threat, especially as proof-of-concept exploits may emerge. The vulnerability also increases the attack surface for broader campaigns targeting European users and customers.

Immediate mitigation should focus on updating the Mang Board WP plugin to a patched version once released by the vendor. Until an official patch is available, organizations should implement strict input validation and output encoding on the 'mp' parameter to neutralize malicious scripts. Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) can be configured to detect and block suspicious requests containing script payloads in URL parameters. Security teams should conduct thorough code reviews of the plugin if custom modifications exist and apply manual sanitization where feasible. User awareness training is critical to reduce the risk of successful phishing attacks that rely on user interaction. Additionally, implementing Content Security Policy (CSP) headers can help mitigate the impact of XSS by restricting the execution of unauthorized scripts. Regular vulnerability scanning and monitoring for unusual activity related to this plugin should be established. Backup and incident response plans should be updated to quickly address any exploitation attempts. Finally, organizations should consider alternative plugins with better security track records if timely patching is not possible.