CVE-2025-12228VulnerabilityPublished 27 Oct 2025Updated 24 Feb 2026

CVE-2025-12228: projectworlds Expense Management System · Cross Site Scripting

Affects projectworlds Expense Management SystemSource CVE Database V5

Not known to be exploited · CVSS 4.8 Medium.

Data as of 26 Oct 2026, 06:26 UTC

CVSS 4.0 base score

4.8Medium

How severe the flaw is on the 0–10 CVSS scale.

EPSS: 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days – higher than 17% of CVEsExploit Prediction Scoring System: the likelihood attackers will use this flaw soon.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

Base metrics

Attack Vector: Network
Attack Complexity: Low
Attack Requirements: None
Privileges Required: High
User Interaction: Passive
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None
Vulnerable system integrity: Low
Vulnerable system availability: None
Subsequent system confidentiality: None
Subsequent system integrity: None
Subsequent system availability: None

Threat metrics

Exploit Maturity: POC

Bold values are the worst case: easiest to exploit or largest impact.

Attack Vector: Network: The vulnerable system is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).
Attack Complexity: Low: The attacker must take no measurable action to exploit the vulnerability. The attack requires no target-specific circumvention to exploit the vulnerability. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable system.
Attack Requirements: None: The successful attack does not depend on the deployment and execution conditions of the vulnerable system. The attacker can expect to be able to reach the vulnerability and execute the exploit under all or most instances of the vulnerability.
Privileges Required: High: The attacker requires privileges that provide significant (e.g., administrative) control over the vulnerable system allowing full access to the vulnerable system’s settings and files.
User Interaction: Passive: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires limited interaction by the targeted user with the vulnerable system and the attacker’s payload. These interactions would be considered involuntary and do not require that the user actively subvert protections built into the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system integrity: Low: Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact to the Vulnerable System.
Vulnerable system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system confidentiality: None: There is no loss of confidentiality within the Subsequent System or all confidentiality impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system integrity: None: There is no loss of integrity within the Subsequent System or all integrity impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Subsequent system availability: None: There is no impact to availability within the Subsequent System or all availability impact is constrained to the Vulnerable System.
Exploit Maturity: POC: Based on threat intelligence sources each of the following must apply: · Proof-of-concept is publicly available · No knowledge of reported attempts to exploit this vulnerability · No knowledge of publicly available solutions used to simplify attempts to exploit the vulnerability

Definitions: FIRST CVSS v4.0 specification.

Exploitation evidence

Disclosed: evidence found.
CVE published 27 Oct 2025
Detectable: no evidence on record.
No public nuclei template indexed
Weaponised: no evidence on record.
No public exploit code indexed in Metasploit or Exploit-DB
Exploited in the wildExploited: no evidence on record.
Not in CISA KEV and no source reports exploitation
Observed by OffSeq MirageSeen by Mirage: no evidence on record.
No attack traffic recorded by OffSeq Mirage sensors

A missing step is not evidence of safety. Sources: cve.org (opens in a new tab), the Metasploit, Exploit-DB and nuclei-templates index as of 2026-10-26.

Disclosed: The CVE record is public on cve.org. Its publication is t = 0.
Detectable: A public nuclei template can find exposed instances, for defenders and attackers alike.
Weaponised: Public exploit code exists in Metasploit or Exploit-DB, or CISA SSVC reports a public proof of concept.
Exploited in the wild: CISA KEV lists it, CISA SSVC rates exploitation active, or a source reports attacks.
Observed by OffSeq Mirage: OffSeq Mirage honeypot sensors recorded attack traffic for this CVE, or found exposed hosts without attack traffic.

Moments are spaced evenly, not to scale; a dashed line marks a gap of six months or more. Deltas count from t = 0. Sources that give only a date (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, or a time of exactly 00:00Z) read “same day” rather than hours. Metasploit modules carry the flaw’s disclosure date, not their release date, and nuclei templates carry no date, so both appear above but not on the timeline.

What to do

Affected software

Product	Affected	Fixed in
projectworlds Expense Management System	Affected =1.0	Fixed in–

AI-suggested

To mitigate CVE-2025-12228, organizations should first verify if they are running projectworlds Expense Management System version 1.0 and restrict access to the /public/admin/users/create endpoint to trusted administrators only. Implement strict input validation and output encoding on all user-supplied data fields within the Users Page to prevent script injection. Employ Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to limit the execution of unauthorized scripts in browsers. Monitor administrative activities and enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all privileged accounts to reduce the risk of session hijacking. Since no official patches are currently available, consider deploying Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) with custom rules to detect and block XSS payloads targeting this endpoint. Conduct regular security awareness training for administrators to recognize and avoid phishing or social engineering attempts that could facilitate exploitation. Finally, maintain an incident response plan to quickly address any signs of compromise related to this vulnerability.

Description

A vulnerability was identified in projectworlds Expense Management System 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /public/admin/users/create of the component Users Page. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.

Impact

The primary impact of CVE-2025-12228 is on the confidentiality and integrity of the affected system. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary scripts in the context of an administrative user, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, or unauthorized actions within the Expense Management System. This could result in unauthorized access to sensitive financial data, manipulation of expense records, or disruption of administrative workflows. Although the vulnerability does not directly affect system availability, the indirect consequences of compromised administrative accounts could lead to broader operational disruptions. Organizations relying on projectworlds Expense Management System 1.0, especially those handling sensitive financial or employee data, face increased risk of data breaches and insider threat exploitation. The requirement for high privileges and user interaction limits the attack surface but does not eliminate risk, particularly in environments with multiple administrators or where social engineering is feasible.

References

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Exploitation evidence

What to do

Affected software

Description

AI analysisMachine-generated, updated 24 Feb 2026, 21:38 UTC

Technical details

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